20.500.12556/RUL-173217 Citotoksičnost in genotoksičnost 2D ogljikovih nanomaterialov za človeške pljučne celice A549 Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of 2D carbon nanomaterials for human lung cells A549 Razvoj družbe je odvisen od razvoja novih materialov. V sklopu evropskega projekta Obzorje Evropa – Repoxyble so bili razviti materiali, ki naj bi bili trajnostna alternativa običajnim epoksi smolam. Poleg epoksi smol so med razvitimi materiali tudi nekateri 2D ogljikovi nanomateriali, ki bi jih skupaj z epoksi smolami vgradili v nanokompozitne materiale. Da bi se izognili morebitnim neugodnim posledicam izpostavitve ljudi in okolja novorazvitim materialom, je treba testiranje njihove strupenosti opraviti že pred začetkom uporabe. V okviru magistrske naloge smo na pljučnih celicah A549 testirali citotoksičnost dveh 2D ogljikovih nanomaterialov, topila za grafenske nanoploščice, treh epoksi smol ter treh trdilcev epoksi smol. Njihov vpliv na živost celic smo ugotavljali s testom z resazurinom, s testom privzema barvila nevtralno rdeče ter s testom z barvilom Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250, hkrati pa smo vpliv materialov na celice preverili tudi z vizualnim pregledom celic pod mikroskopom. Nato smo z alkalno različico kometnega testa testirali genotoksičnost petih izbranih materialov pri najvišjih necitotoksičnih koncentracijah. Od 2D ogljikovih nanomaterialov grafenov oksid ni bil citotoksičen, medtem ko so grafenske nanoploščice interferirale z dvema testoma, pri testu privzema barvila nevtralno rdeče pa se niso izkazale za citotoksične. Noben od dveh 2D ogljikovih nanomaterialov ni bil genotoksičen. Vse tri testirane epoksi smole so bile citotoksične pri koncentracijah, višjih od 50 µg mL–1. Trdilci epoksi smol so se po citotoksičnem delovanju zelo razlikovali med seboj – medtem ko en od njih pri testiranih koncentracijah ni bil citotoksičen, je bil drugi citotoksičen že pri nizkih koncentracijah (≥ 5 µg mL–1). Niti izbrana epoksi smola niti dva izbrana trdilca epoksi smol niso bili genotoksični. Da bi lahko natančeje pojasnili dobljene rezultate, bi potrebovali natančno karakterizacijo testiranih materialov, saj je strupenost posameznega materiala zelo odvisna od mnogih lastnosti materiala. The development of society depends on the advancement of new materials. Within the Horizon Europe project Repoxyble, a sustainable alternative to conventional epoxy resins have been developed. Some of the developed materials are also 2D carbon nanomaterials, which are intended to be incorporated into nanocomposite materials together with the resins. To avoid potential adverse effects of human and environmental exposure to these newly developed materials, toxicity testing must be conducted prior to their implementation. As part of this master's thesis, we tested the cytotoxicity of two 2D carbon nanomaterials, a solvent for graphene nanoplatelets, three epoxy resins and three epoxy resin hardeners. The effects of these materials on cell viability of A549 pulmonary cells were assessed using the resazurin assay, the neutral red uptake assay and the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 staining assay. Additionally, the impact of the materials on cells was examined via visual inspection under a microscope. Subsequently, the genotoxicity of five selected materials was assessed using the alkaline version of the comet assay, tested at the highest non-cytotoxic concentrations. Among the 2D carbon nanomaterials, graphene oxide was not cytotoxic, while graphene nanoplatelets interfered with two of the assays, but did not show cytotoxicity in the neutral red uptake assay. Neither of the two 2D carbon nanomaterials was genotoxic. All three epoxy resins tested were cytotoxic at concentrations above 50 µg mL⁻¹. The cytotoxic effects of the epoxy resin hardeners varied significantly – while one of the hardeners was non-cytotoxic at the tested concentrations, another exhibited cytotoxicity even at low concentrations (≥ 5 µg mL⁻¹). Neither the selected epoxy resin nor the two selected hardeners were genotoxic. To more precisely interpret the results obtained, detailed characterization of the tested materials would be necessary, as the toxicity of individual materials strongly depends on various physicochemical properties. 2D ogljikovi nanomateriali epoksi smole testiranje strupenosti citotoksičnost genotoksičnost 2D carbon nanomaterials epoxy resins toxicity testing cytotoxicity genotoxicity true false false [E. Zajec] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-09-14 07:16:43 2025-09-14 07:16:48 2025-11-06 03:55:12 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1970-01-01 678.686:620.3:57.083.36(043.2) 264313 248873219 51362.pdf 51362.pdf 1 8855026FB235C2B04DA2BEBCF2E8BCAA a82cf4e70a685a3ff960b3be1123a7675e8c61b36480118b73f4a169e1435381 d8dbc6a5-9129-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=217390 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0