20.500.12556/RUL-172936 Mehanizmi odpornosti bakterije Staphylococcus aureus in njihov vpliv na zdravljenje okužb pri ljudeh Mechanisms of resistance in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and their impact on the treatment of human infections Raziskava se osredotoča na mehanizme odpornosti bakterije Staphylococcus aureus in njihov vpliv na zdravljenje okužb pri ljudeh. Bakterija uporablja tri glavne mehanizme odpornosti: sintezo β-laktamaz, spremembo tarčnih mest preko gena mecA, ki kodira spremenjeni protein PBP2a, ter tvorbo biofilma kot zaščitne strukture. Ti mehanizmi ji omogočajo izjemno prilagodljivost in preživetje tudi ob uporabi rezervnih antibiotikov, kot sta vakomicin in linezolid, zaradi česar so terapije pogosto dolgotrajne in neučinkovite. Poseben klinični izziv predstavljajo sevi MRSA, ki so povezani s štirikrat višjo smrtnostjo ter podaljšano hospitalizacijo za več kot deset dni, kar pomeni tudi večjo finančno obremenitev zdravstvenega sistema. Biofilm dodatno otežuje zdravljenje, saj ščiti bakterije pred imunskim sistemom in omogoča horizontalni prenos genov odpornosti, zato so okužbe pogosto kronične in težko obvladljive. Ker razvoj novih antibiotikov sam po sebi ne zadošča, postajajo ključnega pomena kombinirani pristopi, med katerimi imajo pomembno vlogo adjuvantna terapija, imunoterapija in napredni sistemi dostave na ciljna mesta, saj prinašajo učinkovitejše zdravljenje in zmanjšujejo tveganje nadaljnjega razvoja odpornosti. Ugotovitve potrjujejo, da odpornost Staphylococcus aureus bistveno vpliva na uspešnost zdravljenja ter opozarjajo na nujnost razvoja novih terapevtskih pristopov. Research is focussing on the resistance mechanisms of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and their impact on the treatment of infections in humans. The bacterium has three main resistance mechanisms: the sinthesis of β-lactamases, the modification of target sites by the mecA gene, which codes for the modified protein PBP2a, and the formation of a biofilm as a protective structure. These mechanisms provide remarkable adaptability and survival even in the presence of reserve antibiotics such as vancomycin and linezolid, so that therapies are often protracted and ineffective. A particular clinical challenge is posed by MRSA strains, which are associated with a four-fold increase in mortality and prolongation of hospitalisation by more than ten days, leading to a greater financial burden on the healthcare system and allowing horizontal transfer of resistance genes, resulting in infections that are often chronic and difficult to control. As the development of new antibiotics alone is not sufficient, combined approaches are becoming increasingly important, with adjuvant therapy, immunotherapy and advanced targeted delivery systems playing an important role as they provide more effective treatment and reduce the risk of further resistance development. The results confirm that Staphylococcus aureus resistance significantly affects treatment outcomes and emphasises the urgent need to develop new therapeutic approaches. bakterija Staphylococcus aureus okužbe pri ljudeh MRSA protimikrobna odpornost β-laktamski antibiotiki penicilinaza biofilm imunoterapija adjuvantna terapija bacteria Staphylococcus aureus human infections MRSA antimicrobal resistance β-lactam antibiotics penicillinase biofilm immunotherapy adjuvant therapy true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-09-12 07:19:32 2025-09-12 07:19:34 2025-10-29 03:28:10 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 263675 249102083 51633.pdf 51633.pdf 1 0DC053FB82D2BF41417E58649869C426 006fb40116cff0713361a6161a96675f1296af7a7cd38d1c9cfd8a3af3687450 e795d4a0-8f97-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=217070 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0