20.500.12556/RUL-172920 Preprečevanje nastanka imunogenosti pri transfuziji krvi z uporabo eritroidne diferenciacije pluripotentnih matičnih celic in vitro Prevention of immunogenicity in blood transfusions by in vitro erythroid differentiation of pluripotent stem cells Transfuzija krvi je uveljavljen medicinski postopek, pri katerem prejemnik običajno pridobi kri ali njene komponente druge osebe. Največkrat so transfundirani eritrociti, ki lahko zaradi svojih površinskih antigenov v recipientu sprožijo hude imunske reakcije. Metoda eritroidne diferenciacije in vitro iz induciranih pluripotentnih matičnih celic se je izkazala kot obetaven postopek, s katerim bi lahko v prihodnosti omejili uporabo imunogene donorske krvi. Z reprogramiranjem somatskih celic v inducirane pluripotentne matične celice, njihovo gensko manipulacijo in nadaljnjo diferenciacijo do zrelih eritrocitov, je mogoče nadzorovati lastnosti pridobljenih eritrocitov. Z natančnim poznavanjem postopkov reprogramiranja in eritroidne diferenciacije ter posnemanjem eritropoeze in vivo, je pridobivanje eritrocitov in vitro močno olajšano. In vitro vzgojene celice odpravijo težave z zagotavljanjem ustreznih količin in skladiščenjem krvi, prenosom okužb in tudi njihovo imunogenostjo v prejemniku. Z metodo CRISPR/Cas je mogoče izbiti gene za nekatere izmed najbolj imunogenih antigenov, kot so antigeni razreda Rh. Metoda eritroidne diferenciacije iz induciranih pluripotentnih matičnih celic je sicer še v začetnih fazah razvoja, saj prihaja do težav med diferenciacijo, poleg tega pa metoda ni rentabilna. Kljub trenutnim omejitvam, ugotovitve preteklih raziskav kažejo velik potencial za nadaljnji razvoj metode, ki bo proizvajala varne in funkcionalne eritrocite. Blood transfusion is an established medical procedure in which a recipient typically receives blood or its components from another person. Most commonly, erythrocytes are transfused, which can trigger severe immune reactions in the recipient due to their surface antigens. The method of erythroid differentiation in vitro from induced pluripotent stem cells has proven to be a promising approach that could potentially reduce the dependence on immunogenic donor blood in the future. By reprogramming somatic cells into iPSCs, followed by genetic modification and subsequent differentiation into mature erythrocytes, it is possible to control the properties of the red blood cells produced. A precise understanding of the processes of dedifferentiation, subsequent erythroid differentiation and the replication of in vivo erythropoiesis greatly facilitates the generation of erythrocytes in vitro. In vitro cultured cells could be the answer to challenges related to blood supply and storage, transmission of infections and immunogenicity of the recipient. With the advent of CRISPR/Cas technology, it is now possible to knock out genes encoding highly immunogenic antigens, such as those of the rhesus (Rh) blood group system, which are known to trigger strong immune responses. Although the method of erythroid differentiation from iPSCs is still at an early stage of development with challenges in terms of differentiation, efficiency and economic viability. However, the results of previous studies show the great potential for further progress in the production of safe and functional erythrocytes. antigeni eritroidna diferenciacija in vitro eritrociti imunogenost inducirane pluripotentne matične celice krvne skupine transfuzija antigens erythroid differentiation in vitro erythrocytes immunogenicity induced pluripotent stem cells blood groups transfusion true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-09-12 07:18:47 2025-09-12 07:18:49 2025-10-28 03:46:24 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 263659 248965635 51133.pdf 51133.pdf 1 EF01128B106ECCDAAF22A8B23CDFA1B0 c677392b0a62bdfdb93a5dc4d8c2f6491fe1b3e71f59823d6634343d619ef7b1 cce786af-8f97-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=217054 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0