20.500.12556/RUL-171557 Polprevodniški materiali Semiconductor materials Polprevodniški materiali so eden izmed najpomembnejših razredov materialov, saj na njih temelji skoraj celotna sodobna elektronika. Kar jih naredi tako posebne, je njihova sposobnost, da selektivno prevajajo električni tok, glede na napetost ali temperaturo, ki so ji izpostavljeni. Poznanih materialov je po skoraj stoletju razvoja izjemno dosti, se jih pa lahko v grobem razdeli na generacije, ki jih ločijo večji preskoki v razumevanju mehanizmov in zmogljivosti materialov. Njihove polprevodniške lastnosti se lahko do neke mere izboljša z dopiranjem; nadzorovanim uvajanjem atomov drugih elementov v strukturo čistega polprevodnika. V tem diplomskem delu sem opisal teoretično podlago teh materialov s posebnim poudarkom na konceptu polprevodnosti. Podrobneje sem predstavil tudi postopek dopiranja in pa pridobivanje silicijevega monokristala, ker sem bil mnenja, da ti temi še posebej izstopata po svojem pomenu za polprevodniško industrijo. Nazadnje sem na podlagi literature opisal razvoj materialov in predstavil najnovejše napredke na področju inženiringa polprevodnikov. Semiconductor materials are currently one of the most important material classes, for they are regarded as the cornerstone of all modern electronics. What makes them so special, is their ability to selectively conduct electric current, depending on the applied voltage or temperature. After a century of innovation, there is a multitude of known materials, which can be roughly divided into generations. A new generation is understood to include materials of far greater sophistication in terms of semiconducting capabilities, than the last. Semiconducting capabilities can be, to a certain extent, improved by doping, which is controlled introduction of other elements’ atoms into the structure of a pure semiconductor. In this work I have described the underlying theory of semiconductor materials with special emphasis on the concept of semiconductivity. Additionally, I provided a detailed description of doping process as well as the methods used in production of silicon monocrystal. My reasoning was, that those topics are of special importance for understanding the semiconductor industry. Lastly, I have, after reviewing the relevant literature, described materials’ development and presented the recent advances in the field of semiconductor engineering. polprevodniki nosilci naboja dopiranje prepovedani pas semiconductors charge carriers doping band gap true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2025-08-28 08:55:00 2025-08-28 08:55:03 2025-09-07 03:49:17 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 25352 247682051 Bacic_Filip_-_Polprevodniski_materiali.pdf Bacic_Filip_-_Polprevodniski_materiali.pdf 1 BEFAF3EE87CF9F2885765ADFA4C1C1D4 374d4612649074768689500e72195affa86e89bc8725b71404e3c86bf0bf5494 cb520569-83db-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=214921 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0