20.500.12556/RUL-169542 Development of a special self-adaptive auxetic structure for protecting tree trunks from external damage The objective of this research is to present the development of an innovative tree protection structure. With the increasing population of wild animals, the number of tree trunk damages is rising. Similarly, frequent damages occur during intensive forestry operations and timber harvesting, where bark abrasions and direct mechanical injuries are common. For this purpose, a wire wrapping structure was developed, which allows for easy direct installation around the tree trunk. Numerical simulations were used in the design and optimisation of the protective net. An important innovation is the introduction of an auxetic structure, which allows for spatial expansion that is synchronous with the natural process of tree growth. Such structure also stretches along two axes as the trunk thickens, which is the exact opposite of how conventional materials behave. Due to the use of a steel-wire base, the structure is sturdy and durable with a good protective effect. On the other hand, the cellular pattern results in spring properties, which contribute to a moderate and constant surface pressure on the tree bark. The protective structure was experimentally manufactured and tested on an affected conifer tree Abies alba. Over a period of three years, it contributed to the stable recovery process of the tree's damaged bark and prevented further damage attempts. Namen študije je prikaz razvoja novega tipa zaščitne strukture dreves. S povečevanjem populacije divjih živali narašča število poškodb debel dreves. Prav tako pogosto poškodbe nastajajo pri intenzivnih gozdnih posegih in spravilu lesa, kjer prihaja do obdrsanj in drugih direktnih mehanskih poškodb lubja. V ta namen je bila izdelana žična ovijalna struktura, ki omogoča enostavno direktno namestitev okoli debla drevesa. Pri oblikovanju in iskanju optimalnih oblik zaščitne ovijalne strukture so bile uporabljene računalniške simulacije in računalniško podprto konstruiranje CAD. Pomembna novost je vpeljava avksetičnega vzorca strukture, ki omogoča prostorsko raztezanje, kar je sinhrono z naravnim procesom rasti drevesa. Struktura se ob debelitvi debla tudi dolžinsko razteguje, kar je ravno obratno, kot se obnašajo konvencionalni materiali. Zaradi uporabe jeklene žične osnove je struktura čvrsta in obstojna z izkazanim dobrim varovalnim efektom. Po drugi strani celični vzorci takšni strukturi dajejo vzmetne lastnosti, kar prispeva k zmernemu in konstantnemu površinskemu tlaku pritiska na lubje drevesa. Varovalna struktura je bila eksperimentalno izdelana in preizkušena na primeru prizadetega drevesa iglavca Abies alba. Skozi periodo treh let je prispevala k stabilnemu procesu okrevanja poškodovanega lubja drevesa in preprečila ponavljajoče poskuse poškodovanj. fir tree damage from wild animals mechanical bark damage auxetic structure numerical simulations jelka drevo hoja vplivi gozdnih živali mehanska poškodba lubja avksetična struktura numerične similacije true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2025-06-03 09:47:20 2025-06-03 09:47:30 2025-06-05 04:09:02 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Str. 1-14 art. 100860 Vol. 20 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 621:582.091 2666-7193 10.1016/j.tfp.2025.100860 237990915 RAZ_Tomazincic_Dejan_2025.pdf RAZ_Tomazincic_Dejan_2025.pdf 1 6DA0E71DB4E7DFBD92EA702FB1EF72FF 6b099290a60aa39c0cfa53bcdda9329000622c825e5f4d0afb5558aa77984178 537dacbf-4057-11f0-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=210995 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266671932500086X?via%3Dihub 1 b1320fa1-404d-11f0-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=210987 Fakulteta za strojništvo 0 0 0