20.500.12556/RUL-169153 Apatridnost in mednarodno pravo Statelessness and international law Državljanstvo predstavlja pravno vez med državo in posameznikom, hkrati pa ključni predpogoj za uživanje določenih človekovih pravic in dostop do institucij, ki te pravice zagotavljajo. V mednarodnem pravu velja temeljno načelo, da lahko države avtonomno odločajo o tem, kdo so njihovi državljani, posledica nacionalne avtonomije na tem področju pa je tudi pojav brezdržavljanskosti oziroma apatridnosti, ki ima za prizadete posameznike pogosto hude posledice. Zato je ključnega pomena, da se v mednarodnem pravu ter znotraj posameznih držav oblikuje pravni okvir in vpostavijo mehanizmi, ki bi apatride zaščitili. Ključna mednarodna pogodba na tem področju je Konvencija o statusu oseb brez državljanstva iz leta 1954, ki določa minimalne standarde obravnave apatridov. Kljub relativno majhnemu številu držav pogodbenic je med njimi tudi Slovenija, ki pa v svojem pravnem redu ne pozna posebnega postopka za ugotavljanje apatridnosti niti posebnega statusa apatrida. Obstajajo pa države, ki predstavljajo primere dobre prakse, kjer so vzpostavljeni učinkoviti mehanizmi za identifikacijo in zaščito apatridov. Kljub temu so slednji le začasni ukrepi, dolgoročni cilj pa je odprava apatridnosti, za kar si mednarodna skupnost vztrajno prizadeva. Hipoteza tega magistrskega diplomskega dela je: »Mednarodnopravni okvir in prizadevanja držav na področju preprečevanja apatridnosti in zaščite apatridov so nezadostni.« Citizenship represents the legal bond between a state and an individual, and is a key prerequisite for the enjoyment of human rights and access to the institutions that guarantee them. It is a fundamental principle of international law that it is for each state to determine under its own law who are its nationals. This can also result in the occurance of statelessness, which often has severe consequences for the affected individuals. Therefore, it is crucial to establish mechanisms within international law and within individual states that would identify and protect stateless persons. A key instrument for the protection of the rights of stateless persons and the regulation of their legal status is the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, which set out the minimum standards of their treatment. Despite the relatively low number of state parties, Slovenia is also among them. Nevertheless, its legal system does not provide for a dedicated procedure to determine statelessness nor does it recognize a specific legal status for stateless persons. There are, however, countries that serve as examples of good practice, having established effective mechanisms for the identification and protection of stateless individuals. These mechanisms, while important, are still only temporary measures. The long-term goal remains the eradication of statelessness — an objective that the international community continues to pursue. The hypothesis of this master’s thesis is: »The international legal framework and states' efforts in preventing statelessness and protecting stateless persons are insufficient.« državljanstvo apatrid apatridnost Konvencija o statusu oseb brez državljanstva preprečevanje in zmanjševanje pojava apatridnosti citizenship stateless person statelessness Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons prevention and reduction of statelessness true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-05-15 09:00:05 2025-05-15 09:00:12 2025-06-04 10:25:51 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 126209 238241283 20237.pdf 20237.pdf 1 46A8BABDBC07064151BD2AFDD9195706 2b548fef258ff795ce39d3e320dc3dd9d10c1bceb68b09216217f2c1fa4f0566 06b56e00-3159-11f0-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=210344 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0