20.500.12556/RUL-168195 Diplomatska zaščita oseb z dvojnim državljanstvom Diplomatic protection of dual nationals Diplomatska zaščita je institut mednarodnega prava, ki se ga države poslužujejo za zaščito svojih državljanov v tujini in je neločljivo povezana z uveljavljanjem mednarodne odgovornosti drugih držav za kršitev mednarodnopravnih obveznosti do tujih državljanov. Za dopustnost zahtevka diplomatske zaščite morajo biti izpolnjeni določeni pogoji. Poleg kršitve mednarodnega prava, ki mora biti pripisljiva državi, zoper katero se zahtevek uveljavlja, morata biti izpolnjena še pogoj izčrpanja notranjih pravnih sredstev ter pogoj državljanstva, po katerem je diplomatsko zaščito upravičena izvajati država državljanstva prizadetega posameznika. Pri osebah z dvojnim državljanstvom se postavlja vprašanje, katera država lahko uveljavlja zaščito. V primeru zahtevkov zoper tretjo državo je z nekaj odstopanji splošno sprejeto stališče, da lahko diplomatsko zaščito izvaja katerakoli država posameznikovega državljanstva. Drugače pa je v primerih, ko je prizadeti posameznik državljan države, zoper katero je vložen zahtevek. Ker po klasični teoriji diplomatska zaščita v takih primerih ni mogoča, se je postopoma začela uveljavljati teorija učinkovitega državljanstva, po kateri je diplomatska zaščita zoper državo posameznikovega državljanstva dopustna, če država, ki jo uveljavlja, dokaže, da je državljanstvo te države učinkovito, kar potrjuje tudi praksa različnih mednarodnih tribunalov. Hipoteza tega magistrskega diplomskega dela je: »V primeru oseb z dvojnim državljanstvom se pravica do izvajanja diplomatske zaščite prizna državi posameznikovega učinkovitega državljanstva. To pomeni, da med prizadetim posameznikom in to državo obstaja pristna zveza, ki se presoja na podlagi različnih dejavnikov, zlasti običajnega prebivališča, središča posameznikovih interesov in družinskih vezi.« Diplomatic protection is an instrument of international law employed by states to protect their nationals abroad and is inherently linked to the enforcement of international responsibility of other states for violations of their obligations towards foreign nationals. For a claim of diplomatic protection to be admissible, certain conditions must be met. In addition to the violation of international law, which must be attributable to the state against which the claim is made, the conditions of exhaustion of local remedies and nationality of claims must also be satisfied. On the basis of the latter the state of nationality of the affected individual is entitled to exercise diplomatic protection. In cases of individuals with dual nationality, the question arises as to which state that is. In claims against a third state, it is generally accepted, with a few exceptions, that any state of the individual's nationality can exercise diplomatic protection. However, when the affected individual is a citizen of the state against which the claim is made, a different approach is required. Since, according to classical theory, diplomatic protection is not possible in such cases, the theory of effective nationality has gradually emerged. According to this theory, diplomatic protection against the state of an individual's nationality is permissible if the state exercising it can prove that its nationality is effective, as confirmed by the practice of various international tribunals. The hypothesis of this master's thesis is: "In cases of individuals with dual nationality, the right to exercise diplomatic protection is granted to the state of the individual's effective nationality. This means that there is a genuine connection between the affected individual and that state, assessed based on various factors, particularly habitual residence, the center of the individual's interests and family ties." diplomatska zaščita dvojno državljanstvo pristna zveza učinkovito državljanstvo diplomatic protection dual nationality genuine connection effective nationality true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-04-02 11:12:22 2025-04-02 11:12:25 2025-04-16 14:22:11 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 126080 233025027 20060.pdf 20060.pdf 1 EF823DE91DF009947E7F056872E0D603 ace44ca328a34144be3e5d47ae16ef95e5e2ec25b915da71ecee777803b1f4f1 8cc7791c-0fa1-11f0-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=201292 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0