20.500.12556/RUL-167866 Poškodbe otrok pri gibalnih dejavnostih v vrtcu magistrsko delo Child injuries at kindergarten motor activities Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti pogostost pojavljanja poškodb v vrtcu pri organiziranih gibalnih dejavnostih in v času proste gibalne igre brez strokovnega vodstva. Podatke smo pridobili s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika na vzorcu 473 vzgojiteljev in vzgojiteljic različnih starostnih skupin otrok (od prvega do šestega leta) iz različnih regionalnih območij v Sloveniji. Izračunane so bile frekvence in izveden hi-kvadrat test ter enovzorčni t-test za povprečje. Ugotovitve kažejo, da je glavni vzrok za poškodbo v vrtcu nepredvidena situacija (trk, nenadno spotikanje). Pri gibalni dejavnosti v vrtcu je največ poškodb v obliki udarnin, tem sledijo odrgnine in zvini sklepov. Največ poškodb smo zabeležili na spodnjem udu, sledijo poškodbe glave, zgornjega uda in trupa. Pridobljeni podatki kažejo, da obstajajo razlike v številu poškodb glede na spol, in sicer se dečki poškodujejo pogosteje od deklic. Največ, in sicer dobra tretjina zaposlenih v vrtcu izvaja organizirano gibalno dejavnost vsak dan in traja večinoma 300 minut na teden. Povprečno trajanje proste gibalne igre na teden znaša 246 minut. V času organizirane gibalne dejavnosti se največ poškodb zgodi na zunanjem igrišču, enako je v času proste gibalne igre. Pri organizirani gibalni dejavnosti poškodbe najpogosteje nastanejo pri teku, bistveno manj pri drugih gibalnih dejavnostih. Med prosto gibalno igro se otroci največkrat poškodujejo med tekom in lovljenjem. Največ poškodb se zgodi dopoldan, in sicer med 9. in 12. uro, otroci pa v večini primerov niso odsotni iz vrtca zaradi poškodbe. Vzgojitelji najpogosteje ob poškodbi ukrepajo tako, da poškodovanega oskrbijo z obkladkom. Večina zaposlenih naredi zapisnik le ob hujših poškodbah, četrtina anketirancev pa vedno, v vseh primerih. V desetih letih se je v Sloveniji število poškodb pri gibalnih dejavnostih v vrtcu povečalo, dejavnosti, pri katerih prihaja najpogosteje do poškodb, pa se niso bistveno spremenile. Tudi anatomska lokacija poškodb, vzroki za poškodbe in vrste poškodb ostajajo približno enake kot v preteklosti. Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov smo predlagali ukrepe za zmanjševanje poškodb pri predšolskih otrocih. Ti spodbujajo gibalno dejavnost otrok, hkrati pa zagotavljajo njihovo varnost. The purpose of the research was to determine the frequency of injuries occurring in kindergarten during organized physical activities and during free physical play without professional guidance. Data were collected using a survey questionnaire from a sample of 473 educators of children of various age groups (from the first to the sixth year) from different regional areas in Slovenia. Frequencies were calculated, and a chi-square test and one-sample t-test for the mean were conducted. The findings indicate that the main cause of injury in kindergartens is an unpredictable situation (collision, sudden tripping). In physical activities in kindergarten, the most common injuries are bruises, followed by abrasions and sprains. The most injuries were recorded on the lower limbs, followed by injuries to the head, upper limbs, and torso. The data show that there are differences in the number of injuries based on gender, with boys being more frequently injured than girls. The majority, specifically just over a third of the employees in kindergartens, conduct organized physical activities every day, which usually lasts 300 minutes per week. The average duration of free physical play per week is 246 minutes. During organized physical activities, most injuries occur on outdoor playgrounds, and the same applies during free play. Injuries during organized activities most often occur during running, significantly less during other physical activities. During free play, children are most likely to get injured while running and playing tag. Most injuries occur in the morning, between 9:00 and 12:00, and in most cases, children are not absent from kindergarten due to injuries. Educators usually respond to injuries by applying a compress to the injured area. Most employees make a report only in the case of more serious injuries, while a quarter of the respondents always make a report in all cases. Over the past decade, the number of injuries during physical activities in kindergartens in Slovenia has increased, although the activities most commonly leading to injuries have not changed significantly. The anatomical locations of the injuries, the causes of the injuries, and the types of injuries remain roughly the same as in the past, more or less unchanged. Based on the obtained results, measures have been proposed to reduce injuries among preschool children. These measures encourage physical activity while ensuring their safety. gibalna dejavnost poškodbe vrtec predšolski otrok preprečevanje poškodb locomotor activity injuries kindergarten preschool child injury prevention true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-03-18 08:15:27 2025-03-18 08:15:38 2025-05-26 08:59:21 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 55159 236406275 28372.pdf 28372.pdf 1 87097E6CA6DF54F3D112A078A2C06B9D 47b4818cfce629a4816567c3eda01f3f787d645e35191a547a2add40be983c07 ca511621-03c7-11f0-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=200741 Fakulteta za šport 0 0 0