20.500.12556/RUL-167812 Carbon-based thick films for electrochemical detection of neonicotinoid insecticides Neonicotinoids (NNIs) are water-soluble, toxic, widespread-used systemic insecticides commonly found in the environment. Integrated electrochemical sensors enable the rapid on-site detection of NNIs in aqueous samples by analysing the reduction of the NNI's nitro functional group on the working electrode. We have investigated graphite (G), glassy carbon (GC) and carbon black (CB) thick films as working electrodes for the electrochemical detection of the NNI imidacloprid (IMD). Up to 35-μm-thick films of G, GC and CB on alumina were prepared by screen printing and subsequent firing at 850 °C in argon. G had the largest grain size, the roughest surface, and the lowest sheet resistance of 6.9 Ω/sq. GC and CB had a smoother surface, while their sheet resistances were up to 27 Ω/sq. All three films showed a reversible response to the Fe(CN)$_6^3$$^{−/4−}$ redox probe with G having the highest electrochemically active surface area and the highest heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant. In the IMD solution with neutral pH, G, GC and CB exhibited characteristic reduction peak at −1.1 V and a re-oxidation peak at +0.2 V. An additional adsorption cathodic peak was observed with CB, indicating a significantly higher affinity of CB for IMD adsorption. With LODs under 1 μM, the G, GC and CB pristine thick films exhibiting great potential for the sensitive detection of IMD. graphite thick films glassy carbon thick films carbon black thick films screen-printed electrodes electrochemistry neonicotinoids insekticidi neonikotinoidi ogljik true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2025-03-13 10:24:15 2025-03-13 10:24:20 2025-03-14 03:56:02 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 12 str. Vol. 984, art. 119054 May 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 632 1572-6657 10.1016/j.jelechem.2025.119054 227536387 1-s2.0-S1572665725001274-main.pdf 1-s2.0-S1572665725001274-main.pdf 1 10F3A9C35AD4CD2CFB7CD0B5973796F5 9334d810c35a7bd26226f4b541453ac3976edc9cad95697932af848a3e0bcb97 514f1f01-ffec-11ef-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=200607 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1572665725001274 0 26983afe-ffec-11ef-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=200606 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0