20.500.12556/RUL-167531 Stable population structure in Europe since the Iron Age, despite high mobility Ancient DNA research in the past decade has revealed that European population structure changed dramatically in the prehistoric period (14,000–3000 years before present, YBP), reflecting the widespread introduction of Neolithic farmer and Bronze Age Steppe ancestries. However, little is known about how population structure changed from the historical period onward (3000 YBP - present). To address this, we collected whole genomes from 204 individuals from Europe and the Mediterranean, many of which are the first historical period genomes from their region (e.g. Armenia and France). We found that most regions show remarkable inter-individual heterogeneity. At least 7% of historical individuals carry ancestry uncommon in the region where they were sampled, some indicating cross-Mediterranean contacts. Despite this high level of mobility, overall population structure across western Eurasia is relatively stable through the historical period up to the present, mirroring geography. We show that, under standard population genetics models with local panmixia, the observed level of dispersal would lead to a collapse of population structure. Persistent population structure thus suggests a lower effective migration rate than indicated by the observed dispersal. We hypothesize that this phenomenon can be explained by extensive transient dispersal arising from drastically improved transportation networks and the Roman Empire’s mobilization of people for trade, labor, and military. This work highlights the utility of ancient DNA in elucidating finer scale human population dynamics in recent history aDNA human genome population structure human mobility skeletal remains aDNA človeški genom populacijska struktura mobilnost ljudi skeletni ostanki true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2025-02-26 16:15:32 2025-02-26 16:15:34 2025-02-27 03:56:10 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 Str. 1-41 e79714 Vol. 13 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 575.111:902 2050-084X 10.7554/eLife.79714 183127811 https://elifesciences.org/articles/79714 1 9be2f96d-f453-11ef-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=200142 Leskovar_T_2024_Stable_population.pdf Leskovar_T_2024_Stable_population.pdf 1 CE587FC5429844BC8BB2B85519793B90 ef7db711ccadbfc6e36bc2816bcd802431af9530c7b903642b43a419753888dd 06fd3fcb-f454-11ef-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=200143 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0