20.500.12556/RUL-165866 Sulfur speciation in Li–S batteries determined by operando laboratory X-ray emission spectroscopy In this work, operando sulfur X-ray emission measurements on a Li−S battery cathode were performed using a laboratory setup as an alternative to more common synchrotron radiation based absorption studies. Photoexcitation by an X-ray tube was used. Valence-to-core Kβ X-ray emission spectra were recorded with a wavelength dispersive crystal spectrometer in von Hamos geometry, providing excellent energy resolution and good detection efficiency. The setup was used to record ex situ S Kβ emission spectra from S cathodes from the Li−S battery and also under operando conditions. Average S oxidation state within the battery cathode during battery cycling was determined from the shape of the Kβ emission spectra. A more detailed S species characterization was performed by fitting a linear combination of previously measured laboratory synthesized standards to the measured spectra. Relative amounts of different S species in the cathode were determined during the cycling of the Li−S battery. The main advantage of X-ray emission spectroscopy is that it can be performed on concentrated samples with S loading comparable to a real battery. The approach shows great promise for routine laboratory analysis of electrochemical processes in Li−S batteries and other sulfur-based systems under operando conditions. X-ray emission spectroscopy lithium−sulfur batteries operando measurements oxidation state von Hamos spectrometer litij-žveplove baterije elektrokemija spektroskopija true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2024-12-12 13:07:12 2024-12-12 13:07:17 2024-12-13 03:57:48 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 Str. 11135-11143 iss. 23 Vol. 7 Dec. 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 544.5/.6 2574-0962 10.1021/acsaem.4c02330 218392579 rajh-et-al-2024-sulfur-speciation-in-li-s-batteries-determined-by-operando-laboratory-x-ray-emission-spectroscopy.pdf rajh-et-al-2024-sulfur-speciation-in-li-s-batteries-determined-by-operando-laboratory-x-ray-emission-spectroscopy.pdf 1 49F30C088DEC608E19E787A6B00AAB41 2d14818320407cda33a1ce09e4dd59b43a2d4fecac1248f3fc86175364ca6569 86aad1d5-b881-11ef-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=197131 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsaem.4c02330 1 20d7ba9b-b881-11ef-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=197130 Fakulteta za matematiko in fiziko 0 0 0