20.500.12556/RUL-164679 Koncept varne tretje države v kontekstu eksternalizacije azilnih politik v Evropi The concept of a safe third country in the context of the externalisation of asylum policies in Europe Magistrsko diplomsko delo se osredotoča na pravno obravnavo eksternalizacije azilnih politik v Evropi, s posebnim poudarkom na konceptu varne tretje države. Množični migracijski tokovi zadnjih desetletij so pripeljali do preobremenjenosti evropskih azilnih sistemov, kar je spodbudilo države, da svoje obveznosti po mednarodnem pravu migracij in azila preusmerjajo na tretje države. To vodi v izogibanje odgovornosti po mednarodnem pravu in ruši pravno razmerje, ki ga Ženevska konvencija vzpostavlja med beguncem in državo podpisnico. Osrednji del naloge se posveča pravnemu okviru, ki omogoča izvajanje koncepta varne tretje države, zlasti v kontekstu mednarodnih instrumentov, kot so Ženevska konvencija, Dublinska uredba in Postopkovna direktiva. Ugotovitve kažejo, da uporaba koncepta varne tretje države pogosto vodi v prelaganje odgovornosti na države z manj razvitimi azilnimi sistemi, ki hkrati ne zagotavljajo ustreznega standarda zaščite. Delo preučuje tudi več primerov eksternalizacije v praksi, med njimi sporazume, ki so sklenjeni med Evropsko unijo ali njenimi članicami in tretjimi državami, kot je denimo sporazum med Evropsko unijo in Turčijo, ter sodno prakso s tega področja. Poleg tega delo analizira tveganja, ki jih prinaša eksternalizacija azilnih politik, vključno s kršenjem temeljnih človekovih pravic beguncev, kot sta pravica do azila in prepoved vračanja (non-refoulement). Ob tem opozarja, da trenutne prakse eksternalizacije slabijo načelo pravične delitve odgovornosti med državami, kar lahko vodi v marginalizacijo že tako ranljivih skupin. Delo se zaključi z ugotovitvijo, da so za dosego temeljnega cilja Ženevske konvencije – zagotavljanje učinkovite zaščite beguncev – nujni spoštovanje človekovih pravic, učinkovite reforme ter mednarodno sodelovanje. This thesis focuses on the legal examination of the externalisation of asylum policies in Europe, with particular emphasis on the concept of a safe third country. The large-scale migratory flows of recent decades have led to an overburdening of European asylum systems, prompting countries to shift their obligations under international migration and asylum law to third countries. This practice results in evasion of responsibilities under international law and undermines the legal relationship established by the Geneva Convention between refugees and its signatories. The core of the thesis is dedicated to the legal framework enabling the implementation of the safe third country concept, especially within the context of international instruments such as the Geneva Convention, the Dublin Regulation, and the Asylum Procedures Directive. The findings suggest that the application of the safe third country concept often results in the delegation of responsibility to countries with less developed asylum systems, which fail to provide an adequate standard of protection. The thesis also examines several practical cases of externalisation, including agreements concluded between the European Union or its member states and third countries, such as the agreement between the European Union and Turkey, as well as relevant case law. In addition, the thesis analyses the risks posed by the externalisation of asylum policies, including violations of fundamental human rights of refugees, such as the right to asylum and non-refoulement. It highlights that current externalisation practices weaken the principle of fair responsibility-sharing among countries, potentially leading to the marginalisation of already vulnerable groups. The thesis concludes by asserting that, in order to achieve the fundamental objective of the Geneva Convention – ensuring effective protection for refugees – it is essential to respect human rights, pursue effective reforms, and foster international cooperation. Ključne besede: eksternalizacija varna tretja država azil Ženevska konvencija skupni evropski azilni sistem non-refoulement Dublinska uredba mednarodno pravo človekovih pravic mednarodni dogovori o prenosu odgovornosti načelo solidarnosti in deli externalisation safe third country asylum Geneva convention common European asylum system non-refoulement Dublin regulation international human rights law international agreements on the transfer of responsibility principle of solidarity and burden-sharing true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2024-11-07 09:00:04 2024-11-07 09:00:10 2024-11-28 08:53:22 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 125351 216772355 19409.pdf 19409.pdf 1 C476404C179C1069F1694953633F9463 7740563f3be69b04de0e582f164c08b7190406eba9cd0df7841713be170d232e f90b95fb-9cdd-11ef-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=195285 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0