20.500.12556/RUL-163376 Tobit’s penitential prayer Tobitova spokorna molitev The penitential prayer, first found in The Book of Ezra, belongs to a tradition that goes back to Deuteronomy, which describes how Israel found itself in the exile because of its sins and how salvation can come only through the repentance of the nation. The key element for understanding the development of the tradition of penitential prayer is found in the text 1 Kings 8 in which the author, by re-interpreting Deuteronomy, develops the idea that a penitential prayer is the answer to the given demand for repentance. This answer, which is especially focused on the absence of the temple, is adapted to and created for the exile circumstances, in which the temple gets a different role, namely, it becomes a place of prayer and not of sacrifice. Penitential prayer becomes a new, »institutional« form of penitence, which the nation has to undergo for their sins. The major stumbling block to this logic is the suffering of the righteous, for the righteous should receive God’s blessing and not suffering. Tobit, who was a righteous man even according to Deuteronomistic notions, presents a serious challenge to the theory of the retribution or retributive justice. Despite his distress he claimed that God is righteous and through this act he proved to be a righteous man himself. The writer of the book does not consider righteousness as a state of being without sin, which is in fact an illusion, but sees the greatest virtue of the righteous in repentance and recognition of their sins. Repentance and recognition of sins, which have a crucial role in penitential prayers, enable the individual and the nation, which the righteous identifies with and represents, to receive God’s mercy and thereby find a way out of suffering. The survey on the development of the literary genre of penitential prayer is a summary of the theory presented by Werline in his book Penitential prayer in Second Temple Judaism: The Development of a Religious Institution (1998). pokorna molitev, kakršno prvič najdemo v Ezrovi knjigi, spada v tradicijo, ki sega nazaj do Devteronomija. Ta knjiga uči, da se je Izrael znašel v izgnanstvu zaradi svojih grehov in da odrešenje lahko pride, šele ko se bo ljudstvo pokesalo. Ključni trenutek za razumevanje razvoja tradicije spokorne molitve pomeni besedilo 1 Kr 8, v katerem avtor z reinterpretacijo Devteronomija razvije idejo, da je na predstavljeno zahtevo po kesanju mogoče odgovoriti s spokorno molitvijo. Ta odgovor, ki ima še posebno v mislih odsotnost templja, je prikrojen in ustvarjen za okoliščine izgnanstva. V teh okoliščinah tempelj dobi drugačno vlogo: postane kraj molitve (in ne darovanja). Spokorna molitev dobi novo, »institucionalno« obliko pokore za kazen, ki jo ljudstvo prestaja za svoje grehe. Tej logiki pomeni največjo spotiko trpljenje pravičnih, saj bi pravični morali uživati božji blagoslov, in ne trpljenja. Tobit,ki je bil pravičen človek, celo po devteronomističnih predstavah (Tob 1), je teoriji pravičnega povračila postavljal resen izziv. Kljub stiski je namreč izpovedal, da je Bog pravičen, s tem pa se je izkazal za pravičnega tudi sam. Pisatelj Tobitove knjige, ki je najverjetneje nastala v diaspori, pravičnosti namreč ne razume kot brezgrešnost, ki je v bistvu iluzija (1 Kr 8,46); največjo krepost pravičnih vidi v kesanju in v priznanju svojih lastnih grehov. Kesanje in priznanje grehov, ki imata v spokornih molitvah temeljno vlogo, omogočata, da posameznik in narod, s katerim se poistoveti in ga predstavlja pravični, prejmeta Božje usmiljenje – s tem pa najdeta pot iz trpljenja. Teorija o razvoju literarne zvrsti spokorne molitve je povzetek teorije, ki jo je predstavil Werline v knjigi Penitential prayer in Second Temple Judaism: The Development of a Religious Institution (1998). penitential prayer repentance recognition of sins sin petition suffering of the righteous righteous absence of temple exile spokorna molitev kesanje priznanje grehov greh prošnja trpljenje pravičnega pravični odsotnost templja izgnanstvo true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2024-10-04 13:47:06 2024-10-04 13:47:07 2024-10-09 03:47:14 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2022 0 0 Str. 265-291 št. 2 Letn. 77 2022 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2022-01-01 27-245.28-543.8 2335-4127 10.34291/Edinost/77/02/Skralovnik 135351555 Skralovnik.pdf Skralovnik.pdf 1 DF6440F6A5833C45C75C1EA98A000C76 40a5ef819bdb5e450ead45fc4ce029b198f31e5434225de23a8907d2055115c2 37bbe125-8246-11ef-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=192973 https://www.teof.uni-lj.si/zaloznistvo/edinost-in-dialog/edinost-in-dialog-77-2022-2 0 b934ec0b-8246-11ef-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=192976 Teološka fakulteta Edinost in dialog 0 0 0