20.500.12556/RUL-162142 Biofortifikacija navadnega prosa s cinkom Biofortification of proso millet with zinc V državah tretjega sveta je ena izmed pomembnih težav pomanjkanje mineralov, do katerega lahko pride zaradi premajhnega energijskega vnosa ali vnosa hranilno revnih živil. Neuravnotežena prehrana lahko privede do mnogih zdravstvenih težav še posebej pri otrocih, mladih in nosečnicah, pri katerih so potrebe po mikrohranilih večje. Esencialni mineral, ki ga pogosto primanjkuje, je tudi cink (Zn). Koncentracijo Zn v rastlinah je mogoče povečati z agronomsko biofortifikacijo, za katero je značilna uporaba gnojil. Prehrana revnejših držav je osnovana na žitih, eno izmed teh je navadno proso (Panicum miliaceum L.), ki je odporno na suhe in vroče vremenske razmere. Cilj naloge je bil oceniti uspešnost biofortifikacije s Zn pri dveh populacijah navadnega prosa iz Slovenije, t.j. pri populaciji Sonček in populaciji Odranci. Obe populaciji smo v kontroliranih razmerah v lončnem poskusu izpostavili dvema koncentracijama ZnSO4 in ovrednotili biomaso, določili koncentracijo Zn in drugih esencialnih elementov z metodo masne spektrometrije z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo in opisali odziv v listih zastavičarjih na molekularnem nivoju z RNA sekvenciranjem. Ugotovili smo, da gnojenje ni izboljšalo donosa in rasti rastlin in da je populacija Odranci uspevala bistveno bolje od populacije Sonček. Biofortifikacija je bila uspešna le pri populaciji Sonček, saj je v zrnih prišlo do statistično značilnega dviga koncentracije Zn. Analiza diferencialno izraženih genov je pokazala, da je prišlo do izražanja genov, ki so povezani z obrambo pred abiotskim stresom še posebej pri višji koncentraciji ZnSO4 (metabolizem glutationa in fenilalanina, sinteza fenilpropanoidov, geni povezani s fagosomi in proteasomi), kar nakazuje, da smo v poskusu uporabili že preveliko koncentracijo ZnSO4. Micronutrient deficiency occurs due to insufficient intake of nutritionally poor foods. An unbalanced diet can lead to adverse consequences for human health, especially in children, young people and pregnant women, whose nutritional requirements for micronutrients are greater. An essential mineral that is often lacking in our diets is zinc (Zn). The concentration of Zn in plants can be increased by agronomic biofortification, which includes the use of Zn-rich fertilizers. The diet of low income countries is based on cereals, one of which is proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), which is adapted to drought and high temperatures. The aim of this study was to assess the success of biofortification with Zn in two populations of proso millet from Slovenia, i.e. in Sonček population and Odranci population. We exposed both populations to two concentrations of ZnSO4 under controlled conditions in a pot experiment and evaluated the biomass of plants, determined concentration of Zn and other essential elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and assessed transcriptome response in flag leaves by RNA sequencing. We found that the fertilisation did not improve the yield and growth of the plants and that Odranci population thrived significantly better than Sonček population. Biofortification was successful only with Sonček population, as there was a statistically significant increase in the concentration of Zn in the grains. The analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed expression of genes related to defense against abiotic stress, especially at higher concentration of ZnSO4 (glutathione and phenylalanine metabolism, phenylpropanoid synthesis, genes related to phagosomes and proteasomes). This suggests that we used an already excessive concentration of ZnSO4 in the experiment. proso navadno proso cink biofortifikacija gnojenje millet proso millet zinc biofortification fertilization true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2024-09-19 08:16:04 2024-09-19 08:16:12 2024-10-03 10:55:56 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 245812 208187395 42079.pdf 42079.pdf 1 515F9EE210E57E552D4D85A8DD8EDD9A be626c2eb4bccc34b59b0f0729083e3d45b0a660c7332222877c1f4eabc84c8c 8f215ab9-764e-11ef-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=191304 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0