20.500.12556/RUL-161202 Tehnološki ukrepi za preprečevanje izmenične rodnosti jablane Technological measures to prevent alternate bearing in apple trees Alternativna oziroma izmenična rodnost sadnega drevja se pojavlja pri različnih sadnih vrstah, med drugim tudi pri jablani. Velik vpliv na pojav izmenične rodnosti imajo uspešna ali pa neuspešna diferenciacija cvetnih brstov v spomladanskem času, biotski dejavniki (stanje rastline, povezano z razmerjem dušika in ogljika v tkivih, statusom rastlinskih hormonov) in abiotski dejavniki (temperatura, dostopnost in količina vode v tleh …). V diplomski nalogi so predstavljeni potek diferenciacije cvetnih brstov, problematika izmenične rodnosti in dejavniki, ki vplivajo na pojav te. Rastline imajo lastne mehanizme, s katerimi deloma nadzorujejo pojav izmenične rodnosti, kadar to ni dovolj, pa uporabimo določene tehnološke postopke in ukrepe. Podrobneje so opisani glavni trije načini redčenja, in sicer kemično, mehansko in ročno. Vsak način ima prednosti in slabosti ter različno stopnjo in način delovanja. Na pojav izmenične rodnosti pa lahko vplivamo tudi z ustrezno oskrbo dreves, kot je pravilna rez, gnojenje, zaščita s fitofarmacevtskimi sredstvi, postavitev namakalnega sistema in protitočne mreže za zaščito pred poškodbami. Alternate or biennial bearing in fruit trees occurs in different fruit species, amongst them in apple trees. Significant influence on the occurrence of alternate bearing have biotic factors (plant nitrogen-to-carbon ratio, plant hormonal status), abiotic factors (temperature, water availability and its quantity) and flower bud differentiation in the spring. This thesis presents the steps of flower bud differentiation as well as the problematics of biennial bearing and the factors that contribute to it. Plants have some of their own mechanisms to partially control alternate bearing. However, these mechanisms are sometimes insufficient, depending on how prone a certain cultivar is to alternate bearing. In those cases, we have to use certain technological procedures and measures to control it. The thesis details three main thinning methods; chemical, mechanical and hand thinning. Every one of these methods has their advantages and disadvantages as well as different degrees and methods of effectiveness. Biannual bearing can also be controlled by proper care of the trees, such as correct pruning, protection with plant protection products, fertilization, installation of an irrigation systems and anti-hail nets to protect from damage. jablana izmenična rodnost redčenje diferenciacija cvetnih brstov apple tree alternate bearing thining flower bud differentiation true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2024-09-08 07:18:03 2024-09-08 07:18:05 2024-09-12 10:44:10 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 243860 207259907 42025.pdf 42025.pdf 1 51CFC439CB0D477583408094C05F88FB ad30d40e1dbe1d138d02e7da071c475b1c5445a1679260b622b146da44c8e051 b1d72bb2-6da1-11ef-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=190087 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0