20.500.12556/RUL-160053 Effect of abiotic factors on nectar quality and secretion of two early spring species, Galanthus nivalis L. and Helleborus niger L. Floral nectar is mainly a reward in the form of food for pollinators. In early spring, when snow can still be present, pollinators have trouble finding food. The composition and productivity of nectar in flowers play an important role in a pollinator’s life. It is known that low temperatures and lower humidity cause lower nectar secretion. Some studies have also shown that the quality of nectar can differ because of lower temperatures. In our research, we analysed whether abiotic factors affect nectar secretion, as well as the nectar composition of the early spring plant species Galanthus nivalis L. and Helleborus niger L. in February 2024. The study was conducted in two locations in nature. Nectar from H. niger was sampled in Tomišelj, Slovenia, whereas nectar from G. nivalis was sampled in Ljubljana, Slovenia. On four different days at three different times of day, we sampled nectar from flowers using microcapillaries. In total, we sampled 48 nectar samples from one species. We analysed soil humidity and temperature, air temperature and humidity, and UVB radiation. Our results show that nectar productivity is highest in the morning for both species. H. niger has sucrose-dominant nectar, while G. nivalis has hexose-dominant nectar. Proline, which is an important amino acid for bees, has the highest level in both species, as does the phenolic compound rutin. Environmental factors do affect nectar secretion. Soil and air temperature affect G. nivalis nectar secretion, while soil humidity affects H. niger nectar secretion. Soil and air temperature also have an effect on higher levels of sugars in both researched nectars. UVB, air humidity, and air and soil temperature seem to have an effect on phenolic compounds, but abiotic factors do not affect amino acids. amino acids environmental factors Galanthus Helleborus nectar composition nectar secretion phenolic compounds sugars pollinators aminokisline okoljski dejavniki Galanthus Helleborus nektar fenolne spojine sladkorji opraševalci true false false Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2024-08-12 13:54:12 2024-08-12 13:54:13 2024-08-14 03:32:45 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 Str. 1-20 issue 8, [article no.] 469 Vol. 16 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno apc 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2024-08-03 581.192:582 1424-2818 10.3390/d16080469 204172547 diversity-16-00469.pdf diversity-16-00469.pdf 1 00309B99643AE8BC2FBFC7D03DAA7489 d18b9556af10033307e4f1f1de60633607bac0b59ded8553c73738295b99a1df f487491d-58a1-11ef-8f74-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=188474 https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/16/8/469 0 039d05c8-58a2-11ef-8f74-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=188475 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0