20.500.12556/RUL-159329 Proučevanje živali v antiki magistrsko delo The study of animals in Antiquity Tema magistrske naloge je proučevanje živali v antiki. Prvi del naloge se ukvarja s filozofskim pojmovanjem živali. Ljudem so bile že od nekdaj zanimive, zato so jih pogosto opazovali in primerjali s sabo. V njih so verjetno videli podobne karakteristike, saj se pri mnogih antičnih filozofih pogosto porajajo vprašanja: kaj je žival, ali je inteligentna, ali ima dušo in/ali razum? V drugem delu naloge je v ospredju “znanstveni” pristop k preučevanju živali, ki se ga je posluževal npr. Aristotel. Na temo živali je napisal več del, v katerih je opisal različne živalske vrste, njihovo vedenje in anatomijo. Vsi opisi so sicer izhajali iz primerjave s človekom, ki ga je imel za najpopolnejše živo bitje. Iz napisanega je mogoče sklepati, da je Aristotel nekatere živali tudi sam seciral in jih na tak način bolje anatomsko preučil. Z zbiranjem podatkov je najverjetneje želel razvrstiti živali v različne skupine glede na njihove skupne značilnosti. Njegova dela so kasneje močno vplivala na številne rimske avtorje, zlasti na Plinija Starejšega, ki je v svojo zbirko Naravoslovje (Naturalis historia) vključil tudi nekaj obsežnih poglavij o živalih. Plinij se sicer ni ukvarjal z zoologijo na takšni ravni kot Aristotel, kljub temu pa je njegova zbirka v tistih časih veljala za zakladnico znanja. Naloga se med drugim osredotoči tudi na klasifikacijo živali pri obeh avtorjih ter z vprašanjem, kako (in če) so njune ugotovitve vplivale na Linnejevo postavitev biološke znanstvene sistematike, ki jo uporabljamo še danes. The topic of this Master's thesis is the study of animals in antiquity. The first part of the thesis deals with the philosophical conception of animals. Animals have always been interesting to humans, who have often observed them and compared them with themselves. They probably saw in them similar characteristics, as many ancient philosophers often raised the questions: what is an animal, is it intelligent, does it have a soul and/or a mind? The second part of the thesis focuses on the 'scientific' approach to the study of animals, as taken, for example, by Aristotle. Aristotle wrote several works on the subject of animals, describing different species, their behaviour and anatomy, but always in comparison with man, who he considered to be the most perfect living being. From what has been written, it is possible to deduce that Aristotle himself dissected some animals and thus studied them more anatomically. By collecting data, Aristotle probably wanted to classify animals into different groups according to their common characteristics. His work later influenced many Roman authors, especially Pliny the Elder, who included some chapters on animals in his Natural History (Naturalis historia). Although Pliny did not deal with zoology on the same level as Aristotle, his collection was considered a treasure trove of knowledge in those days. The thesis focuses, among other things, on the classification of animals by the two authors and how (and if) their findings influenced Linnaeus's formulation of the biological scientific systematics that we still use today. proučevanje živali Plinij Starejši Aristotel naravoslovje klasifikacija živali animal studies Pliny the Elder Aristotle natural history animal classification true false false N. K. Vrtovec Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2024-07-06 07:45:43 2024-07-06 07:45:54 2024-08-23 11:26:52 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana 78 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1(3) 543395 205102851 38412.pdf 38412.pdf 1 0D6E7CDFBE5F25EFAE6953C08D512169 61af707b4c3bfbb65c60a3ac2065eb36fc14333f69fb397b3ce8f44d06ed22ad 02b517ef-3b5b-11ef-965d-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=187298 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0