20.500.12556/RUL-154927 Antagonistično delovanje glive Trichoderma sp. na rast patogena Fusarium oxysporum ANTAGONISTIC ACTION OF Trichoderma sp. ON THE GROWTH OF THE PATHOGEN Fusarium oxysporum Biotično varstvo rastlin je način zatiranja škodljivih organizmov v kmetijstvu in gozdarstvu z uporabo koristnih organizmov. Pri biotičnem varstvu rastlin z različnimi patogeni gliv, ki so naravno prisotni v ekosistemu, zmanjšujemo potencial bolezni in s tem gospodarsko škodo. Antagonistične glive, med katere spadajo glive iz rodu Trichoderma, zavirajo ali celo ustavijo rast drugih gliv v naravnem okolju. Fusarium je eden najpomembnejših rodov gliv, ki v hrani in krmi tvorijo mikotoksine. Glive iz rodu Fusarium na rastlinah povzročajo venenje, ožige, gnilobe in rakaste tvorbe. V raziskavi smo želeli ugotoviti, ali glive iz rodu Trichoderma antagonistično delujejo na talnega patogena F. oxysporum. V prvi raziskavi smo izvedli laboratorijski poskus z dvojnimi kulturami. Uporabili smo glivo Trichoderma asperellum, izolirano iz dveh mikrobioloških pripravkov, Trifender®Pro in Pannon Starter Perfect®Pro, ter izolate patogene glive F. oxysporum iz solate, soje, jagode in ciklame. Glive smo inokulirali v treh terminih in nato spremljali njihovo rast pri temperaturah 15 in 25 °C. T. asperellum glede na rezultate najbolje raste pri višji temperaturi (25 °C), ter preraste večjo površino kot patogen F. oxysporum, zato je antagonistično glivo T. asperellum najbolj smiselno uporabljati pri višji temperaturi, saj takrat najhitreje raste in s tem zapostre prostor. Interakcija med F. oxysporum in T. asperellum se na gojišču opazi tako, da se rast F. oxysporum ustavi, T. asperellum pa raste nato okoli glive F. oxysporum in ga v večini pri višji temperaturi tudi preraste. Pri 15 °C izolata glive T. asperellum nimata vpliva na rast micelija F. oxysporum, saj zaradi počasne rasti glivi ne prideta v stik. V drugi raziskavi smo naredili lončni poskus, kjer smo sadikam solate dodajali antagonista, izolat patogena iz solate, oziroma kombinacijo obeh. Ugotovili smo, da razlik pri v rasti nadzemnega in podzemnega dela rastlin solate ne moremo pripisati vplivu patogena, antagonista ali kombinaciji obeh. Biological plant protection is a way of controlling pests in agriculture and forestry using beneficial organisms. In biotic plant protection with various pathogens of fungi naturally occurring in the ecosystem, we reduce the potential of diseases and this economic damage. Antagonist fungi, which include fungi of the genus Trichoderma, inhibit or even stop the growth of other fungi in the natural environment. Fusarium is one of the most important genera of fungi that form mycotoxins in food and feed. Fusarium fungi on plants cause wilting, burning, rot and cancerous formations. In the research, we wanted to determine whether fungi of the genus Trichoderma antagonistically act on the soil pathogen F. oxysporum. In the first study, we conducted a laboratory experiment with double cultures. The fungus Trichoderma asperellum isolated from two microbiological preparations was used, Trifender®Pro and Pannon Starter Perfect®Pro and isolates of F. oxysporum pathogenic fungus from lettuce, soybeans, strawberries and cyclamen. The fungi were inoculated at three times and then their growth at temperatures of 15 and 25 °C was monitored. According to the results, T. asperellum grows best at a higher temperature (25 °C) and outgrows over a larger surface area than the pathogen F. oxysporum, so it makes the most sense to use the antagonistic fungus T. asperellum at a higher temperature, since then it grows fastest and thus takes up space. The interaction between F. oxysporum and T. asperellum is observed in culture medium by stopping the growth of F. oxysporum and T. asperellum growing around F. oxysporum and overgrowing it most at a higher temperature. At 15 °C, T. asperellum isolate has no effect on the growth of F. oxysporum mycelium, as the fungi do not come into contact due to slow growth. In another study, we did a pot experiment adding an antagonist, a pathogen isolate from lettuce, or a combination of both, to lettuce seedlings. We found out that differences in the growth of the aerial and underground parts of lettuce plants can not be attributed to the influence of the pathogen, antagonist or a combination of both. Trichoderma sp. antagonistična gliva Fusarium sp. patogena gliva dvojne kulture Trichoderma sp. antagonistic fungi Fusarium sp. pathogenic fungi dual cultures true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2024-03-09 07:15:08 2024-03-09 07:15:26 2024-03-20 14:48:31 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 236334 189685507 38339.pdf 38339.pdf 1 995D003B0B859BC9327D1E8DED5678CB 5fb881e958a99031f519de2a0cb87a98598fd110972ce360cec08bd35386ac4b 6fed40cd-dddc-11ee-85f5-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=181582 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0