20.500.12556/RUL-152742 Določanje kalija v rastlinskih vzorcih Determination of potassium in plant samples Diplomsko delo vključuje študijo vloge hranil, mineralov in vitaminov v človeškem telesu ter rastlinah, pregled analiznih metod za določanje kalija in določitev enega od mineralov, in sicer kalija, v naslednjih rastlinskih vzorcih: sveže banane, suhe banane, suhi kaki, avokado in krompir. Za določanje kalija sem izbral tehniki atomske absorpcijske in emisijske spektroskopije. Tehniki sta dokaj enostavni za razumevanje, analiza je hitra in nezahtevna, preveril pa sem tudi nekaj parametrov za validacijo metode. Teoretični del vsebuje pregled nekaj mikro in makroelementov ter pregled analiznih metod za določanje kalija, eksperimentalni del pa vsebuje opis in postopek analize z umeritvenimi krivuljami standardov, z različnimi koncentracijskimi območji, na aparatih za atomsko absorpcijsko in emisijsko spektroskopijo. Opisal sem tudi postopek priprave vzorca z liofilizacijo in mikrovalovnim kislinskim razklopom. Preizkusil sem stabilnost analita, meddnevno primerjavo in ponovljivost metode ter vpliv matriksa na analizo. Preveril in optimiziral sem tudi naslednje parametre analize, in sicer: razmerje plinov za nastanek plamena, širina reže, čas branja in število ponovitev. Vzorce, ki so vsebovali kalij sem izbral z namenom, saj me je zanimala koncentracija in ne samo prisotnost analita. Rezultate sem podal v gramih kalija na gram suhega vzorca in v masnem deležu (%). Poiskal sem tudi priporočene dnevne vnose kalija (PDV) za odraslega človeka in glede na te vrednosti izračunal, kolikšno maso vzorca bi moral zaužiti posameznik, da bi nadomestil dnevno potrebo po kaliju. Z analizo vzorcev sem deloma potrdil predhodno napovedan vrstni red vsebnosti kalija v vzorcih. The diploma thesis includes a study of the role of nutrients, minerals and vitamins in the human body and in plants, a review of analytical methods for the determination of potassium and the determination of one of the minerals, namely potassium, in the following plant samples: fresh bananas, dried bananas, dried persimmons, avocados and potatoes. I chose to use atomic absorption and emission spectroscopy techniques to determine potassium. These techniques are relatively easy to understand and the analysis is quick and straightforward. I also validated the method by checking various parameters. The theoretical part provides an overview of some micro- and macroelements and an overview of the analytical methods for potassium determination. The experimental part contains a description and procedure for analysis with calibration curves of standards, different concentration ranges, using atomic absorption and emission spectroscopy devices. I also described the sample preparation with freeze-drying and acidic microwave digestion. I tested the stability of the analyte, the comparison between days, the repeatability of the method and the influence of the matrix on the analysis. I also checked and optimized the following analysis parameters: gas flame ratio, slit width, reading time and the number of replicates. I selected samples containing potassium to examine their concentration and not just the presence of the analyte. I reported the results in grams of potassium per gram of dry sample and in percent (%) by mass. I also researched the recommended daily intake (RDI) of potassium for adults and used these values to calculate how much sample mass a person would need to consume to meet their daily potassium requirements. By analyzing the samples, I was able to partially confirm the predicted order of potassium content in the samples. AAS AES kalij sadje zelenjava AAS AES potassium fruit vegetables true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2023-12-05 12:40:01 2023-12-05 12:40:12 2023-12-14 11:09:17 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 22731 177456387 Groselj_Jan_-_Dolocanje_kalija_v_rastlinskih_vzorcih.pdf Groselj_Jan_-_Dolocanje_kalija_v_rastlinskih_vzorcih.pdf 1 43396D2452C1DD5AF094423E50E16D1E f2c867dc189911420ddbab4c3b2b1a45dd0b3a5681cbd6ab1e8529843a08ceb7 0bfca764-9363-11ee-867f-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=178363 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0