20.500.12556/RUL-151063 Povezanost med vadbo in obporodno depresijo - pregled literature diplomsko delo Relationship between exercise and perinatal depression - a literature review diploma work Uvod: Obporodna depresija je definirana kot pojav blagih ali večjih depresivnih epizod med nosečnostjo ali v prvem letu po porodu. V tem obdobju predstavlja enega od najpogostejših zdravstvenih zapletov. Nedavne raziskave, ki so preučevale ženske med nosečnostjo in po porodu, kažejo, da se prevalenca obporodne depresije giblje med 10 % in 20 %. Obporodna depresija se najpogosteje zdravi z antidepresivi, psihoterapijami, kognitivno­vedenjskimi terapijami, interpersonalnimi terapijami, telefonskim svetovanjem in posvetom na domu. Poleg običajnih metod zdravljenja obporodne depresije sodobni način obravnave vključuje izvajanje telesne dejavnosti. Telesna dejavnost je ena izmed oblik, s katero lahko vplivamo na telesne in psihološke spremembe, ki se pojavijo med nosečnostjo in po porodu, saj ta prinaša različne koristi. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil na podlagi pregleda znanstvene in strokovne literature raziskati povezanost med obporodno depresijo in vadbo ter vpliv različnih oblik vadbe na psihično počutje nosečnic in mater. Metode dela: Iskanje literature je potekalo s pomočjo podatkovnih baz PubMed in PEDro. Pri iskanju so bile uporabljene sledeče kombinacije ključnih besed v angleščini: »exercise AND postpartum depression« ali »exercise AND postnatal depression« ali »exercise AND perinatal depression« in slovenščini: »vadba IN depresija v nosečnosti« ali »vadba IN poporodna depresija« ali »vadba IN obporodna depresija«. Rezultati: Vključitvenim in izključitvenim kriterijem je ustrezalo šest randomiziranih nadzorovanih raziskav. V dveh raziskavah so preiskovanke izvajale aerobno vadbo in vadbo proti uporu v vodi, v treh raziskavah vadbo prilagojeno za ženske po porodu v domačem okolju in v eni raziskavi raztezanje in dihalne vaje v domačem okolju. Rezultati štirih raziskav, kjer so preiskovanke izvajale aerobno vadbo in vadbo proti uporu v vodi ter vadbo prilagojeno za ženske po porodu v domačem okolju so bili homogeni, saj so pokazali pozitiven vpliv vadbe na simptome obporodne depresije. Izvajanje vadbe je vplivalo na zmanjšanje simptomov obporodne depresije in anksioznosti, povečanje socialne podpore ter izboljšanje čustvenih in socialnih interakcij. V dveh raziskavah, kjer so preiskovanke izvajale raztezanje in dihalne vaje ter prilagojeno vadbo za ženske po porodu v domačem okolju ni bilo potrjenega pozitivnega vpliva vadbe na zmanjšanje simptomov obporodne depresije. Kljub ugotovljenim statistično značilnim razlikam med intervencijskimi in primerjalnimi skupinami so bile v izbranih raziskavah opažene tudi statistično neznačilne razlike, kar kaže na potrebo po nadaljnjem raziskovanju povezanosti med vadbo in obporodno depresijo. Razprava in zaključek: Pri pregledu literature je bilo ugotovljeno, da je raziskav o povezanosti vadbe in obporodne depresije relativno malo. Kljub temu pa izbrane randomizirane nadzorovane raziskave v večini poročajo o pozitivnih učinkih. Za nadaljnje odkrivanje povezanosti obporodne depresije z vadbo je potrebno izvesti več raziskav na to temo, še posebej z vadbenim programom, ki se izvaja v kontroliranem okolju in pod nadzorom usposobljenih delavcev, ob prisotnosti primerjalnih skupin ter večkratnem ocenjevanju simptomov obporodne depresije. Prav tako bi se bilo potrebno osredotočiti na točno določeno obliko vadbe ter natančno oblikovati ustrezen vadbeni program. S tem bomo omogočili primerjavo rezultatov med raziskavami. Kljub temu pa je vadba lahko koristna kot dodatna intervencija za zmanjšanje simptomov obporodne depresije pri nosečnicah in materah, saj ima številne pozitivne učinke. Ključne besede: obporodna depresija, telesna dejavnost, vadba, obporodno obdobje. Introduction: Perinatal depression is characterized by the experience of mild or major depressive episodes during pregnancy or within the first year following childbirth. It represents a significant health concern during this period, with high rates of occurrence. According to recent research examining women during pregnancy and postpartum, perinatal depression is estimated to have a prevalence ranging from 10 % to 20 %. The most common treatments for perinatal depression include antidepressants, psychotherapies, cognitive-behavioral therapies, interpersonal therapies, telephone counselling, and home counselling. In addition to these conventional methods, modern treatment approaches also involve physical activity. Physical activity is one of the ways through which we can influence the physical and psychological changes that occur during pregnancy and after childbirth, as it brings various benefits. Purpose: The objective of this diploma thesis was to examine the correlation between perinatal depression and physical exercise, as well as evaluate the effects of various types of physical exercises on the psychological well­being of pregnant women and mothers. The analysis was based on a comprehensive review of scientific and professional literature. Methods: The literature search was conducted using the PubMed and PEDro databases. In order to identify relevant articles, the search query consisted of the following combinations of keywords: »exercise AND postpartum depression« OR »exercise AND postnatal depression« OR »exercise AND perinatal depression«. Results: Six randomized controlled trials met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In two studies, participants performed aerobic exercise and resistance exercise in water. In three studies, the participants performed exercise tailored for postpartum women in a home environment and in one study, a training program involving stretching and breathing exercises was performed in a home setting. The results of four studies, where the participants performed aerobic exercise, resistance training in water, and exercise tailored for postpartum women in a home environment, were homogeneous. They demonstrated a positive impact of exercise on perinatal depression symptoms. Engaging in exercise contributed to a reduction in perinatal depression symptoms and anxiety, increased social support, as well as improvement in emotional and social interactions. In two studies, where the participants followed an exercise program that included stretching, breathing exercises, and exercises tailored for postpartum women in a home environment, there was no confirmed positive impact of exercise on reducing perinatal depression symptoms. Despite the statistically significant differences observed between the intervention and comparison groups, selected studies also revealed statistically insignificant differences, indicating the need for further exploration of the relationship between exercise and perinatal depression. Discussion and conclusion: Our literature review revealed that there is currently limited research available on the relationship between exercise and perinatal depression, but the selected randomized controlled studies did report positive effects. However, in order to gain a deeper understanding of this connection, future research should focus on implementing exercise programs within a controlled environment and under the supervision of skilled professionals. Additionally, appropriate control groups and multiple assessments of perinatal depression should be included to enable comparisons across studies. It is essential to focus on specific forms of exercise and carefully design appropriate exercise programs to enable result comparisons among studies. Nevertheless, given the many reported positive effects, exercise can be used as a valuable supplementary intervention for reducing perinatal depression symptoms in both pregnant women and mothers. Keywords: perinatal depression, physical activity, exercise, perinatal period. diplomska dela fizioterapija obporodna depresija telesna dejavnost vadba obporodno obdobje diploma theses physiotherapy perinatal depression physical activity exercise perinatal period true false false [M. M. Mezeg] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2023-09-28 11:43:03 2023-09-28 11:43:11 2023-09-29 03:51:21 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana 30 str., [1] str. pril. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 615.8 129716 166233859 32824.pdf 32824.pdf 1 D77EEB92BA4617C0B8A7CE983576FED6 0ef62f1e815307de652fc9f41bde717160f9eb35f13350ab7d5b60bc51a74e68 7105396a-5de3-11ee-8519-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=175947 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0