20.500.12556/RUL-150714 Vsebnost juglona in drugih naftokinonov v tkivih oreha (Juglans regia L.) ter njihov vpliv na kalitev, rast in sekundarni metabolizem različnih zelenjadnic The content of juglone and other naphthoquinones in walnut tissues (Juglans regia L.) and their effect on germination, growth and secondary metabolism of various vegetables Zaradi kontradiktornih raziskav stroka, še danes ni enotna, ali je juglon res alelokemikalija oz. ali je edina alelokemikalija v orehu. Naš prvi cilj je bil tako ugotoviti, ali so naftokinoni prisotni v vseh rastlinskih delih oreha ali le v določenih. Da bi to preverili, smo razvili novo analizno metodo LC-MS/MS za identifikacijo naftokinonov. Prav tako smo določili, kdaj v rastni dobi in v katerih delih oreha je vsebnost naftokinonov in drugih fenolov največja. Naftokinone smo tako identificirali in kvantificirali v listih, listnem peclju, zelenem osemenju ploda, ki obdaja olesenel endokarp, brstih v mirovanju, skorji (eno- in dveletni), mačicah (moško socvetje), ženskem cvetu oreha in koreninah (glavni in stranski), medtem ko jih v lupini jedrca in v olupljenem jedrcu nismo zaznali. Vsebnost naftokinonov je bila najvišja v začetnih mesecih po brstenju (meseca maja), kasneje pa so se vsebnosti nižale. Cilj raziskave je bil prav tako ugotoviti, ali sta hidrojuglon-β-D-glukopiranozid in α-hidrojuglon res perkurzor za juglon kar smo potrdili Prav tako smo lahko opazili, da pretvorba hidrojuglon-β-D-glukopiranozida v α-hidrojuglon in nato v juglon, v zelenem osemenju pri sobni temperaturi, poteka v časovnem intervalu do 40 minut. Ugotovili smo tudi, da juglon ni edina alelokemikalija v ekstraktu listov oreha, in da so tam prisotne tudi druge, ki lahko stimulativno delujejo na kalitev določenih rastlin, hkrati pa zavirajo kalitev pri drugih Pridobljeni podatki bodo predvsem ob preusmeritvi kmetovanja in spreminjanju namembnosti zemljišča, na katerem so rastli orehi, pomembna osnova za ugotavljanje, katere rastlinske vrste ne bodo dobro uspevale v tleh, ki vsebujejo omenjene alelokemikalije, ter s tem tudi podlaga za izbor ustreznejših rešitev in kultur v prvih letih sajenja. Juglone is believed to be the only allelochemical in walnut and the reason for its allelopathy. Nevertheless, to this day, experts disagree on whether juglone is truly an allelochemical or the only allelochemical in walnut precisely because of conflicting research findings. Therefore, our first goal was to determine whether naphthoquinones are present in all parts of the walnut plant or only in certain ones. To verify this, we developed a new LC-MS/MS analytical method to identify naphthoquinones. We also determined when in the growing season and in which parts of walnut the content of naphthoquinones and other phenolics is the highest. Thus, naphthoquinones were identified and quantified in the leaves, petiole, husk, dormant buds, bark (annual and biennial), catkins (male flowers), female flower, and roots (main and lateral roots), whereas we did not detect them in the pellicle or in the peeled kernel. The content of naphthoquinones was the highest in the first months after budbreak (May), but later it decreased. The aim of the study was also to determine whether hydrojuglone-β-D-glucopyranoside and α-hydrojuglone are indeed precursors of juglone. We found that both hydrojuglone-β-D-glucopyranoside and α-hydrojuglone are indeed precursors of juglone. We also observed that the conversion of hydrojuglone-β-D-glucopyranoside to α-hydrojuglone and then to juglone in walnut husk at room temperature occurs in a time interval of less than 40 minutes. We also found that juglone is not the only allelochemical in walnut leaf extract and that there are others that can stimulate the germination of certain plants while inhibiting the germination of others. The data obtained will be an important basis for determining the plant species that do not grow well in the soils containing the aforementioned allelochemicals, especially in the case of a change of purpose of the land where walnuts were grown, and thus also a basis for selecting appropriate solutions and crops in the first years of planting. juglon naftokinoni sekundarni metabolizem zelenjadnice kalitev rast juglone naphthoquinones secondary metabolism vegetables germination growth true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Doktorsko delo/naloga 2023-09-22 07:16:20 2023-09-22 07:16:27 2023-09-26 07:46:18 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 230515 165723651 34513.pdf 34513.pdf 1 90C3A4C118999A700D66A6D6C87083FB 69d8b38bc80381773189d8e71b7db52e15a275bd34c00382c9de0d9700dbb16e 30c0aaa6-5907-11ee-928f-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=175454 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0