20.500.12556/RUL-150416 Kako lahko z izpostavitvijo rastlin blagemu stresu okrepimo rastline in izboljšamo kakovost pridelka? How can we strengthen the plants and improve the quality of the crop by exposing the plants to mild stress? Rastline uspevajo v okoljih, kjer sta njihova rast in razvoj pogosto omejena zaradi neugodnega, stresnega delovanja biotskih in abiotskih dejavnikov. Da se lažje soočajo z neugodnimi razmerami, so rastline razvile obrambni sistem, ki na stres odgovarja s presnovnimi, fiziološkimi in anatomskimi spremembami. Abiotski dejavniki, ki lahko rastlinam povzročijo stres, vključujejo visoke ali nizke temperature, slanost, močno svetlobo, sušo ali poplave, pomanjkanje hranil ali toksičnost kovin. V kmetijskem sektorju je abiotski stres eden glavnih vzrokov za izgube pridelka. Močno delovanje oz. dolgotrajno delovanje omenjenih stresorjev ima izrazito negativne učinke, omejuje rast, kakovost in donos rastlin. Nasprotno pa se pri blagem oz. kratkotrajnem delovanju stresorjev v rastlinah odrazijo pozitivni učinki, kar imenujemo eustres. To dvojnost odziva lahko povežemo s konceptom hormeze, kar pomeni, da je učinek stresorjev na rastline odvisen od odmerka. Premišljena uporaba stresa se lahko integrira v kmetijske in vrtnarske prakse. Namen te diplomske naloge je predstaviti načela in metode uporabe abiotskih eustresorjev. V literaturi se vse pogosteje pojavljajo raziskave, ki raziskujejo uporabo kemičnih in fizikalnih eustresorjev. V današnjem času se široko uporabljajo tehnike za gojenje sadja in zelenjave, ki temeljijo na načelu eustresa. Uporaba teh tehnik ali odmerek eustresorja se mora prilagoditi konkretni vrsti oz. sorti rastline ter okoljskim razmeram, v katerih rastlina uspeva. Pri njihovi uporabi je potrebna previdnost, saj lahko prekomerni odmerki stresorjev rastlinam škodijo, pri nekaterih npr. kemičnih eustresorjih, pa je treba upoštevati tudi potencialna tveganja za varnost potrošnikov in tveganja za okolje. Plants live in a challenging environment where their growth and development are constrained by biotic and abiotic factors. To cope with these adverse conditions, plants have evolved defense systems that respond to stress with metabolic, physiological, and anatomical changes. Abiotic factors that can induce stress in plants include high or low temperatures, salinity, intense light, drought or flooding, nutrient deficiency, or metal toxicity. In agriculture, abiotic stress is a major cause of crop loss. High doses of these stressors distress plants and limit their growth, quality, and yield. Conversely, low doses of stressors trigger positive effects in plants, referred to as eustress. This duality of responses can be related to the concept of hormesis, which states that the effect of stressors on plants is dose-dependent. Thoughtful use of stress can be integrated into agricultural and horticultural practices. The objective of this thesis is to present the principles and methods for the use of abiotic eustressors. Research on the use of chemical and physical eustressors in horticulture is increasing. Nowadays, techniques for growing fruits and vegetables based on the principle of eustress are widely employed. The application of these techniques, especially the dosage of the eustressor,must be adapted to the specific plant species and/or variety and the environmental conditions in which the plant thrives. Caution must be exercised in their application, as excessive dosing of stressors can be harmful to plants and (especially in the case of chemical eustressors) could have negative effects on consumers and the environment. stres koristni učinki hormeza priming uporaba stress beneficial effects hormesis priming application true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2023-09-17 07:16:20 2023-09-17 07:16:25 2023-09-19 08:39:23 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 230029 164897027 35373.pdf 35373.pdf 1 20AA9BDB8388CDE2F85557221743FA8F 0976124bafde965304d478ff1cec5f3aa60163cd695cbfd3c5aa993acb55d855 5cac0698-5519-11ee-ae83-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=174996 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0