20.500.12556/RUL-150206 Slikanje nosečnic v radiološki tehnologiji diplomsko delo Imaging of pregnant women in radiography diploma work Uvod: V primeru nujne radiološke preiskave pri nosečnici se zastavi klinično vprašanje o izbiri najprimernejše diagnostike za nosečnice, ki bo zagotovila zadostno kakovost slike pri najnižji možni dozni obremenitvi ploda. Preiskava mora biti upravičena in skrbno načrtovana. Za doseganje čim nižje dozne obremenitve se poslužujemo različnih načinov zniževanja doze. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kako in v kolikšni meri radiološki inženirji v Sloveniji ščitijo nosečnice, ki opravijo preiskavo z uporabo ionizirajočega sevanja, ter preučiti načine ugotavljanja nosečnosti pacientk pred preiskavo. Predstaviti smo želeli evropsko in slovensko zakonodajo o varstvu pred ionizirajočim sevanjem ter pravila za zaščito nosečnic v obdobju desetih in osemindvajsetih dni. Metode dela: V prvem delu diplomskega dela smo naredili pregled znanstveno-strokovne literature. Drugi del pa je vključeval spletni anketni vprašalnik o preverjanju možnosti nosečnosti, uporabi zaščitnih sredstev pri slikanju nosečnic, morebitnih prilagoditvah protokolov slikanja, beleženju podatkov glede izvedene preiskave nosečnice in o poznavanju in upoštevanju pravila 10 in 28 dni. Rezultati: Z anketo smo ugotovili, da 51 % radioloških inženirjev uporablja zaščitna sredstva, vendar jih bodo zaradi uveljavitve novih smernic nekateri opustili. Za zmanjšanje dozne obremenitve v nekaterih ustanovah uporabljajo prilagojene protokole, optimizirane v dogovoru z radiologom in/ali napotnim zdravnikom. Radiološki inženirji pri preverjanju možnosti nosečnosti upoštevajo pravilo 28 dni, saj velja za bolj uveljavljeno kot pravilo 10 dni (43 %). 51 % radioloških inženirjev zapisuje izvedeno preiskavo nosečnice na obrazec za slikanje nosečnic, v zdravstveno kartoteko, v za to namenjen zvezek ali tabelo ter na interno napotnico. Radiološki inženir mora povprašati o možnosti nosečnosti vse pacientke v obdobju menstruacije in ugotovili smo, da jih večina preverja med 15. in 50. letom starosti, kar si v 34 % tudi evidentirajo. Razprava in zaključek: Večina anketirancev uporablja zaščitna sredstva, vendar jih bodo nekateri, zaradi uveljavitve novih smernic, prenehali. Radiološki inženirji pacientke povprašajo o možnosti nosečnosti v času menstruacije ter evidentirajo tudi morebitne izvedene preiskave. Smiselno bi bilo ugotoviti, katerih pravil, poleg pravila 10 in 28 dni, se še držijo pri slikanju morebitnih nosečnic ter razširiti raziskavo še na slikanje z magnetno resonanco. Introduction: In the case of an emergency radiological examination in a pregnant woman, the clinical question is whether the most appropriate diagnostic modality for pregnant women should be chosen to ensure sufficient image quality at the lowest possible fetal dose. The examination must be justified and carefully planned. In order to minimise the dose burden, we use various ways of dose reduction. Purpose: The aim of the degree was to find out how and to what extent radiographers in Slovenia protect pregnant women undergoing examinations using ionising radiation, and to examine the ways in which pregnancy is detected in patients prior to the examination. We wanted to present European and Slovenian legislation governing protection against ionising radiation and the 10-day and 28-day rules for the protection of pregnant women. Methods: In the first part of the study, we reviewed the scientific literature. The second part involved online questionnaire about pregnancy screening, the use of protective equipment in imaging of pregnant women, possible adjustments to imaging protocols, recording of data regarding the examination performed on the pregnant woman, and knowledge of and adherence to the 10- and 28-day rule. Results: With questionnaire we found that 51% of radiographers use protective equipment, but due to the new guidelines, some will no longer use it. In order to reduce the dose exposure, some institutions use adapted protocols, which are optimised in agreement with the radiologist and/or the referring physician. When evaluating a possible pregnancy radiographers follow the 28-day rule, as it is considered to be more established than the 10-day rule (43%). 51% of radiographers record the examination of the pregnant woman on the prenatal imaging form, in the medical record, in a dedicated notebook or chart, and on the internal referral note. The radiographer should ask all menstruating patients about the possibility of pregnancy, and we have found that most of them are screened between the ages of 15 and 50, which 34 % of them record. Discussion and conclusion: Most respondents use protective equipment, but some will stop as the new guidelines come into effect. Radiographers ask patients about the possibility of pregnancy at the time of menstruation. They also record any tests carried out. It would be useful to find out which rules, in addition to the 10- and 28-day rule, are followed when imaging patients with the possible pregnant women and to extend the survey to magnetic resonance imaging. diplomska dela radiološka tehnologija radiološki inženirji ionizirajoče sevanje zaščitna sredstva učinki sevanja izpostavljenost ploda diploma theses radiologic technology radiographers ionising radiation protective equipment radiation effects fetal exposure true false false [N. Deželak : N. Križan] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2023-09-15 07:46:08 2023-09-15 07:46:11 2023-09-18 11:01:17 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 Ljubljana 0 Ljubljana 39 str., [6] str. pril. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616-07 128646 164763907 33767.pdf 33767.pdf 1 E6A4D8C1201395BAB83ED4C559E31904 e9edde1e41e5c30e390fd4ec25ae00ba8e169c97cedbb040619e9094b07d2dc6 2d188eae-538b-11ee-9ef6-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=174771 Zdravstvena fakulteta 0 0 0