20.500.12556/RUL-149085 Bob (Vicia faba L.) brez vsebnosti sprožilcev favizma vicina in konvicina The faba bean (Vicia faba L.) without triggers of favism vicine and convicine Bob je zelo hranljiva stročnica z zelo visokim prehranskim in gospodarskim potencialom. Večinoma se ga trenutno uporablja za živalsko krmo, prehrano ljudi, v pekovskih izdelkih, kot zeleno gnojilo, za preprečevanje erozije, itd. Vsebuje visok delež proteinov, vlaknin, vitaminov in mineralov. Poleg hranljivih snovi bob vsebuje tudi antinutriente, še posebej značilna sta vicin in konvicin; povzročitelja bolezenskega stanja favizem. Favizem je hemolitična anemija, ki se pojavi pri ljudeh, ki imajo pomanjkanje encima glukoza 6-fosfat dehidrogenaza. Favizem ni alergija, zato izdelki, ki vsebujejo bob ne rabijo biti posebej označeni. Najpogosteje zbolijo moški na območju Afrike, Azije, Mediterana in bližnjega vzhoda. Da preprečimo možnost obolenja, je priporočljivo bob pred uporabo namakati, fermentirati, kuhati, mleti, encimsko obdelati, luščiti ali pa zauživati bob brez vsebnosti vicina in konvicina. Za delež vicina in konvicina v bobu je odgovoren gen VC1, ki nosi zapis za encim GTP ciklohidrolaza II. GTP ciklohidrolaza II je encim, ki sodeluje v riboflavinski poti. Z odkritjem metabolne poti so se pojavile možnosti za razvoj boba, brez vsebnosti vicina in konvicina. Takšen bob bi bil primeren za prehrano vseh ljudi in veliko bi doprinesel k prehrani rastlinskega izvora. Faba bean is a highly nutritious legume with a high nutritional and economic potential. Currently, it is mostly used as animal feed, in human diets, bakery products, as green manure, for erosion control, etc. It contains a high proportion of proteins, fibers, vitamins, and minerals. In addition to nutrients, bob also contains antinutrients, particularly vicine and convicine, which are responsible for causing the medical condition known as favism. Favism is a hemolytic anemia that occurs in people who have a deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Favism is not an allergy, so products containing faba bean do not need to be specially labeled. The condition is most common in men, in regions such as Africa, Asia, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East. To prevent the possibility of illness, it is recommended to soak, ferment, cook, grind, enzymatically treat, peel, or consume bob without vicine and convicine content before use. The gene VC1 is responsible for the proportion of vicine and convicine in bob and carries the information for the enzyme GTP cyclohydrolase II. GTP cyclohydrolase II is an enzyme that participates in the riboflavin pathway. With the discovery of the metabolic pathway, there have been opportunities to develop faba bean varieties without vicine and convicine content. Such a faba bean would be suitable for the diet of all people and would significantly contribute to a plant-based diet. bob Vicia faba L. favizem vicin konvicin broad bean faba bean Vicia faba L. favism vicine covicine true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2023-09-03 07:16:18 2023-09-03 07:16:20 2023-10-04 11:28:30 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 228229 163208451 34665.pdf 34665.pdf 1 0B29F470B8C6BE4243D0391401D1F94D 2bcd0782e89ef1ad3fffc77ed065a29580c322613c86b5614a0cc56ef3e17cfa 02b516e3-4a19-11ee-af86-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=173472 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0