20.500.12556/RUL-148528 Clonality, inbreeding, and hybridization in two extremotolerant black yeasts Background: The great diversity of lifestyles and survival strategies observed in fungi is reflected in the many ways in which they reproduce and recombine. Although a complete absence of recombination is rare, it has been reported for some species, among them 2 extremotolerant black yeasts from Dothideomycetes: Hortaea werneckii and Aureobasidium melanogenum. Therefore, the presence of diploid strains in these species cannot be explained as the product of conventional sexual reproduction. Results: Genome sequencing revealed that the ratio of diploid to haploid strains in both H. werneckii and A. melanogenum is about 2:1. Linkage disequilibrium between pairs of polymorphic loci and a high degree of concordance between the phylogenies of different genomic regions confirmed that both species are clonal. Heterozygosity of diploid strains is high, with several hybridizing genome pairs reaching the intergenomic distances typically seen between different fungal species. The origin of diploid strains collected worldwide can be traced to a handful of hybridization events that produced diploids, which were stable over long periods of time and distributed over large geographic areas. Conclusions: Our results, based on the genomes of over 100 strains of 2 black yeasts, show that although they are clonal, they occasionally form stable and highly heterozygous diploid intraspecific hybrids. The mechanism of these apparently rare hybridization events, which are not followed by meiosis or haploidization, remains unknown. Both extremotolerant yeasts, H. werneckii and even more so A. melanogenum, a close relative of the intensely recombining and biotechnologically relevant Aureobasidium pullulans, provide an attractive model for studying the role of clonality and ploidy in extremotolerant fungi. population genomics halotolerance extremotolerance halophilic fungus Hortaea werneckii Aureobasidium melanogenum hybridization populacijska genomika halotoleranca ekstremotoleranca halofilne glive Hortaea werneckii Aureobasidium melanogenum hibridizacija true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2023-08-25 14:57:10 2023-08-25 14:57:11 2023-08-26 03:54:17 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2022 0 0 16 str. Vol. 11, art. giac095 2022 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 575.111 2047-217X 10.1093/gigascience/giac095 126622211 giac095.pdf giac095.pdf 1 EFC5E5E048F30206EB5CB8B2AC1BF8BA 41137464f3f0da411ca20a2cb5c90ab2b492587dc33146527e97ba36202f3f4c a7a53c61-4347-11ee-b9d7-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=172792 https://academic.oup.com/gigascience/article/doi/10.1093/gigascience/giac095/6749380 0 68470976-4347-11ee-b9d7-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=172791 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0