20.500.12556/RUL-145392 Reducing energy availability in male endurance athletes a randomized trial with a three-step energy reduction Background: Low energy availability (EA) can be detrimental for athlete health. Currently, it is not known what the threshold for low EA in men is, and what effects it may have on performance. Methods: This study was set to determine potential effects of low EA by modulating male participants’ exercise energy expenditure and controlling energy intake and consequently manipulating EA in three progressive stages (reducing EA by 25%, and 75%). Performance was measured with three specific tests for explosive power, endurance, and agility. Blood was drawn, resting energy expenditure was monitored and two questionnaires were repetitively used to address any changes in eating behaviors and well-being. Results: Repeated measured design showed poorer performance (power output 391.82 ± 29.60 vs. 402.5 ± 40.03 W, p = 0.001; relative power output 5.53 ± 0.47 vs. 5.60 ± 0.47 W/kg, p = 0.018; explosive power 0.28 ± 0.04 vs. 0.32 ± 0.05 m, p = 0.0001, lactate concentration 7.59 ± 2.29 vs 10.80 ± 2.46 mmol/L, p = 0.001), the quartile range for testosterone was lower (2.33 ± 1.08 vs. 2.67 ± 0.78, p = 0.026) and there was a tendency for lower triiodothyronine (4.15 ± 0.61 vs. 4.46 ± 0.54 pmol/L, p = 0.072). Eating behaviors and well-being were worse (46.64 ± 7.55 vs. 24.58 ± 7.13, p = 0.011 and 15.18 ± 2.44 vs. 17.83 ± 3.54, p = 0.002). The intervention also resulted in lower body fat (8.44 ± 3.15 vs. 10.2 ± 2.5%, p = 0.013). Conclusions: Analysis showed that most of the negative effects occurred in the range of 9–25 kCal·kg∙FFM·d$^{−1}$. This is the range where we suggest a threshold for LEA in men could be. Reducing EA impaired explosive power first, then endurance. It was associated with a reduction in testosterone, triiodothyronine and there was a tendency for reduced IGF-1, but hormones were more resilient to changes in EA. Psychological assessment of eating behaviors and well-being proved to be very useful, whereas monitoring resting energy expenditure did not. estimating energy expenditure physical activity exercise testing prehrana atleti redukcija energije true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2023-04-20 13:39:50 2023-04-20 13:39:51 2023-04-21 03:31:57 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2022 0 0 Str. 179-195 no. 1 Vol. 19 2022 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 613.2 1550-2783 10.1080/15502783.2022.2065111 105874691 Reducing_energy_availability_in_male_endurance_athletes_a_randomized_trial_with_a_three_step_energy_reduction.pdf Reducing_energy_availability_in_male_endurance_athletes_a_randomized_trial_with_a_three_step_energy_reduction.pdf 1 B9057BD05AB0F6A83796427C7DA23271 78e43bcae94b467cae23a6224a51edcb2c07691efa015cc8fe3d8e65cf60e37f 633f18ca-df70-11ed-a314-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=168295 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15502783.2022.2065111 0 6380dc75-df76-11ed-a314-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=168297 Fakulteta za šport 0 0 0