20.500.12556/RUL-144804 A subterranean adaptive radiation of amphipods in Europe Adaptive radiations are bursts of evolutionary species diversification that have contributed to much of the species diversity on Earth. An exception is modern Europe, where descendants of ancient adaptive radiations went extinct, and extant adaptive radiations are small, recent and narrowly confined. However, not all legacy of old radiations has been lost. Subterranean environments, which are dark and food-deprived, yet buffered from climate change, have preserved ancient lineages. Here we provide evidence of an entirely subterranean adaptive radiation of the amphipod genus Niphargus, counting hundreds of species. Our modelling of lineage diversification and evolution of morphological and ecological traits using a time-calibrated multilocus phylogeny suggests a major adaptive radiation, comprised of multiple subordinate adaptive radiations. Their spatio-temporal origin coincides with the uplift of carbonate massifs in South-Eastern Europe 15 million years ago. Emerging subterranean environments likely provided unoccupied, predator-free space, constituting ecological opportunity, a key trigger of adaptive radiation. This discovery sheds new light on the biodiversity of Europe. amphipod genus biodiversity biogeography evolutionary ecology amphipod subterranean adaptive radiation adaptive radiation morphological traits ecological traits phylogenetics Niphargus raki jamske postranice adaptivna radiacija filogenija filogenetika nova vrsta true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2023-03-13 15:35:18 2023-03-13 15:35:19 2023-03-14 03:29:57 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2021 0 0 12 str. art. 3688 Vol. 12 2021 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 57 2041-1723 10.1038/s41467-021-24023-w 67491331 s41467-021-24023-w.pdf s41467-021-24023-w.pdf 1 B4423C4265691D14C53F1E1BC39099B7 a373558b032e01734f22d757ad6b7c1dd0b3c79ea7b45c7e0ee80405c7684a55 aa0c5b4b-c1ac-11ed-a314-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=167328 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-24023-w 0 77e8d995-c1ac-11ed-a314-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=167327 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0