20.500.12556/RUL-144796 Kin discrimination promotes horizontal gene transfer between unrelated strains in Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis is a soil bacterium that is competent for natural transformation. Genetically distinct B. subtilis swarms form a boundary upon encounter, resulting in killing of one of the strains. This process is mediated by a fast-evolving kin discrimination (KD) system consisting of cellular attack and defence mechanisms. Here, we show that these swarm antagonisms promote transformation-mediated horizontal gene transfer between strains of low relatedness. Gene transfer between interacting non-kin strains is largely unidirectional, from killed cells of the donor strain to surviving cells of the recipient strain. It is associated with activation of a stress response mediated by sigma factor SigW in the donor cells, and induction of competence in the recipient strain. More closely related strains, which in theory would experience more efficient recombination due to increased sequence homology, do not upregulate transformation upon encounter. This result indicates that social interactions can override mechanistic barriers to horizontal gene transfer. We hypothesize that KD-mediated competence in response to the encounter of distinct neighbouring strains could maximize the probability of efficient incorporation of novel alleles and genes that have proved to function in a genomically and ecologically similar context. bacterial genetics microbial ecology Bacillus subtilis mikrobne združbe sorodstveno razlikovanje true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2023-03-13 12:20:33 2023-03-13 12:20:34 2023-03-14 03:29:56 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2021 0 0 11 str. Vol. 12, art. 3457 2021 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 579.22/.26:579.852.11 2041-1723 10.1038/s41467-021-23685-w 62369539 s41467-021-23685-w_(1).pdf s41467-021-23685-w_(1).pdf 1 16946A253A497A15A22D6C95A2386BBA 5041485660756a0daa0ea21ab65cee6a9218b1446ed21fe686032dfa6be2d21d 966f90db-c191-11ed-a314-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=167313 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-23685-w 1 05fea75b-c191-11ed-a314-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=167312 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0