20.500.12556/RUL-138867 The first comprehensive study evaluating the ecotoxicity and biodegradability of water-soluble polymers used in personal care products and cosmetics Water-soluble polymers (WSPs) are organic materials that have been used for decades in various applications as part of paints, coatings, adhesives, washing agents, pharmaceuticals, personal care products and cosmetics. However, their ecotoxicity, biodegradability, and overall impact on the environment are still unknown. In this study four polyacrylic acid- based WSPs (three in the solid state and one in the liquid state), which are widely used in cosmetic industry, were tested in terms of their ecotoxicity and biodegradability. The ecotoxicity tests were performed using aquatic plant Lemna minor, microalga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, crustacean Daphnia magna, bacterium Allivibrio fischeri, and a mixed bacterial culture of activated sludge (with heterotrophic and nitrifying microorganisms tested separately). All four WSPs had low or moderate effects on the tested organisms at several endpoints. However, the liquid WSP had a specific toxic effect on the bioluminescence of Allivibrio fischeri and the oxygen consumption of nitrifying microorganisms – 100 mg/L caused 73% and 88% inhibition, respectively. Therefore, some WSPs capable of inhibiting nitrifying microorganisms could have implications for the nitrification process in wastewater treatment plants and aquatic ecosystems, despite 100 mg/L being a high tested concentration and probably difficult to reach in wastewater. All investigated WSPs were not biodegradable; therefore, their persistence in the environment could be expected. water-soluble polymers ecotoxicity biodegradability aquatic organisms aquatic toxicity biodegradation polyacrylic acid tekoči polimeri strupenost biorazgradljivost vodni organizmi true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2022-08-24 08:46:21 2022-08-24 08:46:22 2022-09-15 04:17:18 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2021 0 0 8 str. Vol. 228, art. 113016 25 Dec. 2021 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 504.5:678 0147-6513 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113016 86464771 1-s2.0-S0147651321011283-main.pdf 1-s2.0-S0147651321011283-main.pdf 1 E2FE225A85A969E5A5BE7D176F9D4267 48e5b9456f00dce4bc14175c6bb113346245e52b1c23a3c5afbdb798e63d5223 ca609de8-2378-11ed-92af-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=159348 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321011283 1 71ce2b47-2378-11ed-92af-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=159347 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0