20.500.12556/RUL-134357 Analysis of the direct and indirect effects of nanoparticle exposure on microglial and neuronal cells in vitro Environmental or biomedical exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) can results in translocation and accumulation of NPs in the brain, which can lead to health-related problems. NPs have been shown to induce toxicity to neuronal cells through several direct mechanisms, but only a few studies have also explored the indirect effects of NPs, through consequences due to the exposure of neighboring cells to NPs. In this study, we analysed possible direct and indirect effects of NPs (polyacrylic acid (PAA) coated cobalt ferrite NP, TiO$_2$ P25 and maghemite NPs) on immortalized mouse microglial cells and differentiated CAD mouse neuronal cells in monoculture (direct toxicity) or in transwell co-culture system (indirect toxicity). We showed that although the low NP concentrations (2–25 µg/mL) did not induce changes in cell viability, cytokine secretion or NF-κB activation of microglial cells, even low NP concentrations of 10 µg/mL can affect the cells and change their secretion of protein stress mediators. These can in turn influence neuronal cells in indirect exposure model. Indirect toxicity of NPs is an important and not adequately assessed mechanism of NP toxicity, since it not only affects cells on the exposure sites, but through secretion of signaling mediators, can also affect cells that do not come in direct contact with NPs. nanoparticle neurotoxicity cytokine secretion ROS microglia co-culture nanodelci nevrotoksičnost izločanje citokinov true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2022-01-10 15:10:41 2022-01-10 15:10:46 2022-09-13 03:54:42 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2020 0 0 15 str. iss. 19, art. 7030 Vol. 21 2020 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 61 1422-0067 10.3390/ijms21197030 30614531 RAZ_Lojk_Jasna_2020.pdf RAZ_Lojk_Jasna_2020.pdf 1 F039D42211A7FAEAB8D068D8EB8DFDFA f37f377d84f8731d7e0955506f32970dcaf8fed5c4b210797ee2fcc2a86371db 36e5d17e-721f-11ec-abdb-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=152765 https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/19/7030 1 eebce093-721e-11ec-abdb-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=152764 Fakulteta za elektrotehniko Medicinska fakulteta 0 0 0