20.500.12556/RUL-130183 Vpliv transpozonskih elementov, malih RNA in metilacije na spol rastline Effect of transposons, small RNA and metilation on plants sex determination Spol in njegova determinacija je pri rastlinah manj raziskana kot pri živalih. Zaradi različnih kombinacij in sistemov izražanja spola pri rastlinah, še niso raziskani vsi mehanizmi determinacije, ter oblike, ki je pri živalih ni moč zaslediti. Nekateri mehanizmi so že stari, nekateri pa so se razvili šele nedavno. Raziskovanje ima tudi praktično uporabnost pri pridobivanju hibridov, saj nam olajša delo in omogoča bolj ekonomično pridelavo. Znanje je uporabno tudi za določanje spola pri rastlinah, kjer nimamo samooplodnih vrst ali pa rastlinam lahko določimo spol šele ob cvetenju po več letih. Zanimivo je tudi raziskovanje mehanizmov določanja spola, kot je npr. metilacija, RNA interferenca in vpliv transpozonov, itd.. Ti mehanizmi so bili raziskani pri meloni, kakiju in topolu. Pri meloni za pridobivanje hibridov uporabimo fenotip z le ženskimi cvetovi, kar regulira transpozon. Pri kakiju sicer poznamo samooplodne vrste, vendar se za proizvodnjo uporabljajo tudi nekatere enospolne rastline, pri čemer so zaželene ženske rastline, kar regulirata gena preko miRNA in RNA interference. Topol je modelna olesenela rastlina in spol je determiniran preko vzorca metilacije. Sex determination in plants is less studied than in animals. The multiple and very different time periods over which sex emerges in plants make it difficult to understand because of the diversity of systems, but at the same time provide us with a unique opportunity that does not exist in animals. This is an insight into how sex evolves over time, as some mechanisms are old, and others are young. The research also has a practical use for the production of hybrids, as it facilitates them and allows for more economical production. The findings are also useful for determining the sex of plants where we do not have self-fertile species or can only determine the sex of plants at flowering time after several years. Also of interest are more unusual mechanisms of sex determination, such as methylation, RNA interference, and transposons. These mechanisms have also been studied in melon, persimmon and poplar. In melon hybrids are wanted and for their production a phenotype with female-only flowers regulated by transposon can be used. In persimmon, there are available self-fertile species, but some dioecious varieties are still used, so there we want female plants and sex in this case is regulated by miRNA and RNA interference. Poplar is a model woody plant where sex can be determined by a methylation pattern. transpozon mikro RNA metilacija spol rastlin transposon micro RNA methylation plant sex true false false [D. Belaj] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2021-09-11 07:16:22 2021-09-11 07:16:25 2022-09-09 04:15:12 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2021 0 Ljubljana 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 601.4:577.21:581.16(043.2) 195884 76622083 18964.pdf 18964.pdf 1 9B8908D9CA69DA5ED908A219AD6E1E34 61674784215411845252d04d5ab909a9934e96035af5965d366fc738fd3f3d26 2cdd86f3-12bf-11ec-a523-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=147245 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0