20.500.12556/RUL-129778 Biotehnološki pristopi za povečanje fotosintezne učinkovitosti rastlin Biotechnological approaches to increase plant photosynthesis efficiency Zaradi vse večjega naraščanja svetovne populacije, so potrebe po hrani vse večje. Povpraševanje po hrani presega donos, kar se zgodi, ko produktivnost pridelkov stagnira ali pa se upočasnjuje. Kaže se velik potencial za pomanjkanje primarnih živil do sredine stoletja. Velika uporaba pesticidov, gnojil in namakanje, kar je že povzročilo povečanje produktivnosti, so za zadaj v veliki meri optimizirani in verjetno ne bodo ustvarili zadostnega donosa, da bi zadovoljili povpraševanje po več. Učinkovitost fotosinteze pa ostaja odločilen potencial za izboljšave in podvojitev produktivnosti. Fotosinteza, ki se je pri pridelkih že nekoliko izboljšala, je ključna pot za povečanje donosa. Zato je potrebno pravočasno pospešiti razumevanje fotosinteznega procesa, da bi omogočili izboljšave vodene z genskim inženiringom. Diplomsko delo obsega znanstveno podprte ugotovitve možnih biotehnoloških pristopov, ki bi izboljšali fotosintezno učinkovitost rastlin, kot je CCM mehanizem, povečano izražanje nekaterih encimov, kot sta SBPaza in FBPaza, vgradnja C4 fotosintezne poti v C3 rastline in dodajanje glikolatnega metabolizma. Due to the growing global population, food needs are increasing. Demand for food exceeds return, which happens when crop productivity stagnates or slows down. There’s a great potential for primary food shortages by the middle of the century. High use of pesticides, fertilizers and irrigation, which has already led to increased productivity, are largely optimized and are unlikely to generate sufficient returns to meet the demand for more. However, the efficiency of photosynthesis remains a decisive potential for improvements and doubling productivity. Photosynthesis, which has already improved slightly in crops, is a key approach to increase returns. Therefore, it is necessary to accelerate the understanding of the photosynthetic process in a timely manner to allow genetically engineered improvements. The thesis includes scientifically supported findings of possible biotechnological approaches that would improve the photosynthetic efficiency of plants, such as CCM mechanism, increased expression of certain enzymes such as SBP and FBP, incorporation of C4 photosynthetic pathway into C3 plants and adding of glycolate metabolism. fotosinteza fotorespiracija Calvinov cikel biotehnološki pristopi photosynthesis photorespiration Calvin cycle biotechnological approaches true false false [M. Šobar] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2021-09-08 07:16:12 2021-09-08 07:16:15 2022-09-09 04:13:13 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2021 0 Ljubljana 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 602.6:582.5/.9:581.132(043.2) 195444 75567363 18962.pdf 18962.pdf 1 39BB940D50578E6CB1D76FB42731357E af84fd6a29b04ff93e913e34c686f93d77a65e06f7988e5a7aa435ddaaaf192d a576876e-1063-11ec-a523-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=146807 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0