20.500.12556/RUL-129034 Kronologija in revizija pridelave trtnih cepljenk v Sloveniji Chronology and revision of the production of vine grafts in Slovenia Trsničarstvo ima v Sloveniji že več kot sto tridesetletno tradicijo. S cepljenjem žlahtne vinske trte (Vitis vinifera L.) na odporne, severno ameriške podlage so v Sloveniji začeli okrog leta 1890, takoj zatem, ko je trtna uš (Dactylosphaera vitifoliae Fitch) zdesetkala tedanje vinograde po Evropi, tudi v Sloveniji. Pridelava trtnih cepljenk je pred, med in po obema svetovnima vojnama doživela vzpone in padce, kar se je odražalo predvsem v številu pridelanih sadik vinske trte. Trsničarstvo danes temelji na pridobivanju cepilnega materiala iz potrjenih matičnih trt klonov vinskih sort, ki so rezultat domačega ali tujega selekcijskega dela. V Sloveniji prevladuje gojenje belih sort žlahtne vinske trte, ki jih vinogradniki sadijo v vseh treh vinorodnih deželah. Od 60 sort imamo namreč 40 belih in 20 rdečih. Od belih sort so najbolj zastopane 'Laški rizling', 'Chardonnay', 'Sauvignon' in 'Rebula', med rdečimi sortami pa še vedno prevladujejo sorte 'Refošk', 'Merlot', 'Cabernet sauvignon' in 'Žametovka'. Leta 2019 se je pridelalo približno 5,4 milijona trtnih cepljenk, od tega 1,2 milijona certificiranih trtnih cepljenk (modra etiketa). V Sloveniji se najpogosteje sadi podlage sort SO4 in Kober 5BB, vseh podlag pa se na leto pridela okrog 5,1 milijona. S cepljenkami smo v Sloveniji samozadostni, večji del se jih izvozi. Na leto jih v Sloveniji potrebujemo oziroma posadimo okoli 844.000. Grapevine nursery has in Slovenia more than a 130-year-old tradition, where grafting of the European grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) onto resistant North American rootstocks began around the year 1890, right after the grape phylloxera (Dactylosphaera vitifoliae Fitch) decimated vineyards around Europe, including Slovenian. The production of grapevine grafts experienced ups and downs prior to, during, and after the two World Wars, what was especially reflected in the amount of the produced grapevine saplings. Nowadays, grapevine nursery is based on the acquisition of grafting material from certified mother vines of various grapevine clones, which are the result of national or foreign selections. In Slovenia, the cultivation of white grapevine varieties prevail, which can be planted in all three winegrowing regions. We have 40 whites and 20 reds out of the 60 grapevine varieties. The most represented white varieties are 'Laški rizling', 'Chardonnay', 'Sauvignon' and 'Rebula', but reds are 'Refošk', 'Merlot', 'Cabernet sauvignon' and 'Žametovka'. In 2019, approx. 5.4 million of grapevine grafts were produced, out of which 1.2 million were certified grapevine grafts (blue label). The most commonly used grapevine rootstocks in Slovenia are SO4 and Kober 5BB, with a total annual rootstocka production around 5.1 million. Slovenia is self-sufficient with grapevine grafts, where a large proportion of grafts is exported. In Slovenia, we plant around 844.000 of grapevine grafts per year. trtna uš cepljenka trsničarstvo pridelava sorta phylloxera graft vine vine nursery production variety true false false [N. Jarkovič] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2021-08-25 07:15:09 2021-08-25 07:15:17 2022-09-08 04:06:09 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2021 0 Ljubljana 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 634.8.037:634.8.05:631.526.32(497.4)(043.2) 194110 73639171 16081.pdf 16081.pdf 1 AF97DFF43A7EFD215EB89EDF7088E7FF 891cd149a5f5e9b0fd59b43652b3d7cd6bdc7bf51d83b0878c68dc365ba0f5b5 41f2b934-0563-11ec-a523-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=145956 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0