20.500.12556/RUL-127135 Occurrence of Alternaria and other toxins in cereal grains intended for animal feeding collected in Slovenia a three-year study In recent years, the less-studied Alternaria mycotoxins have attracted increasing interest due to the lack of survey data and their ability to cause toxic effects in animals and humans. To fill the gap, the aim of this three-year survey was to investigate the presence and co-occurrence of Alternaria and other mycotoxins in a total of 433 cereal grain samples from Slovenian farms and agricultural cooperatives from 2014 to 2016. Using the multi-mycotoxin method, 14 mycotoxins were determined. In 53% of 433 analysed samples, contamination with at least one mycotoxin was found. Deoxynivalenol (DON) and tenuazonic acid (TeA) were present in 32% and 26% of cereal grain samples, respectively, whereas alternariol (AOH), tentoxin (TEN), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), 3- and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3- and 15-AcDON), and zearalenone (ZEN) were present in fewer than 15% of the samples. Ochratoxin A (OTA) was found in one rye sample, while diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), HT-2 and T-2 toxin, and fumonisins B$_1$ and B$_2$ (FB1 and FB2) were not detected. The highest maximum and median concentrations of Alternaria toxins were determined in spelt in 2016 (TeA, 2277 µg/kg and 203 µg/kg, respectively), and those of Fusarium toxins in wheat in 2015 (DON, 4082 µg/kg and 387 µg/kg, respectively). The co-occurrence of two or more mycotoxins was found in 43% of the positive samples. The correlations between Alternaria toxins were very weak but statistically significant (r: 0.15–0.17, p: 0.0042–0.0165). A well-known correlation between Fusarium toxins DON and ZEN was weak and highly significant (r = 0.28, p < 0.0001). mycotoxins Alternaria liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) occurrence co-occurrence cereal grains cereals animal feed toxicity analysis methods chemistry true false true Angleški jezik Ni določen Članek v reviji 2021-05-19 11:52:59 2021-05-19 11:53:00 2022-09-06 03:49:52 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2021 0 0 14 str. iss. 5, art. 304 Vol. 13 2021 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno apc 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 636.082:615.9:543:582.28 2072-6651 10.3390/toxins13050304 63797763 RAZ_Babic_Janja_2021.pdf RAZ_Babic_Janja_2021.pdf 1 DC1CAFD4FD5C7DD3642D74B86E0B8022 96d6bd2af5e4ad33cdeb2d2887a40ea33b5e27b19fdadbfebf25cc455b4966f8 b15ffa92-a6b1-11ec-960c-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=154684 https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/5/304 1 f2b65b6c-b887-11eb-a523-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=143364 Veterinarska fakulteta Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0