20.500.12556/RUL-121567
Ustreznost psiholoških testov pri sodnem izvedenstvu v Sloveniji
magistrsko delo
Adequacy of psychological tests used in expert opinions in Slovenia
V zadnjih letih se je področje psihološkega sodnega izvedenstva razširilo, njegova vloga na področju sodstva pa je zelo odgovorna in pomembna. Izvedenska mnenja imajo pogosto ključno vlogo pri razpletu sodnega procesa, obenem pa pomembno vplivajo na posameznikovo usodo. Bistvena je objektivnost psihološke ocene, kar dosežemo z uporabo preverjenih, znanstveno utemeljenih in psihometrično ustreznih ocenjevalnih pripomočkov. Psihološka evalvacija je pogosto opravljena s pomočjo psiholoških testov. Ob tem je nujno poznati bistvene razlike med kliničnim ocenjevanjem v terapevtske namene ali namene zdravljenja ter ocenjevanjem za izdelavo psihološkega izvedenskega mnenja (forenzično ocenjevanje). Slednje zahteva dobro premišljen izbor testov, ki dosegajo višja merila ustreznosti.
Osrednji namen raziskave je bil ovrednotiti psihodiagnostična sredstva, ki se najpogosteje uporabljajo na področju psihološkega sodnega izvedenstva v Sloveniji, ugotoviti njihovo adekvatnost za tovrstno rabo ter odkriti alternative, ki odražajo ustreznost v sociokulturno primerljivih okoljih. V vzorec so bili vključeni ocenjevalni pripomočki (N = 19), ki so bili v zadnjih petnajstih letih največkrat uporabljeni pri psihološkem ocenjevanju za namen sodnega izvedenstva. Njihova evalvacija je temeljila na Ocenjevalnem modelu Evropske zveze psiholoških društev (EFPA) za opis in oceno psiholoških in izobraževalnih testov (EFPA Review model for the description and evaluation of psychological and educational tests). Presojanje primernosti je temeljilo na standardih kakovosti, ki se najpogosteje pojavljajo v strokovno ustrezni literaturi. Rezultati so pokazali, da je majhen odstotek psihodiagnostičnih sredstev v njihovi trenutni obliki primeren za uporabo v sodnem izvedenstvu. Uporaba neustreznih pripomočkov po vsej verjetnosti niža strokovno verodostojnost izvedenskih mnenj, kar vzbuja dvom o dokazani vrednosti.
In recent years, the need for psychological expert opinions has expanded and has become more important within the judiciary. Expert opinions play a crucial role for people involved in litigation and can influence their destiny significantly. Psychological assessment in the legal context has to be impartial, which can only be accomplished when using scientifically founded assessment tools, with adequate psychometric characteristics. Psychological evaluation is often accomplished by using psychological tests. Nevertheless, it is essential to know the main differences between clinical evaluation primarily intended for therapeutic or treatment purpose and evaluation for making psychological expert opinion (forensic assessment). The latter requires judicious test selection, that attains higher standards.
The aim of this research was to evaluate assessment tools that are most frequently used in expert opinions in Slovenia and to value their adequacy for legal purposes. Furthermore, the research includes an investigation of assessment tools that indicate suitability in similar sociocultural environments. The sample included assessment tools (N = 19) that were most frequently used for psychological evaluation for legal purposes in the last fifteen years. The evaluation was established within the EFPA Review model for the description and evaluation of psychological and educational tests. Adequacy judgment was grounded on quality standards that most frequently appear in the relevant scientific literature. Results reveal that a small number of assessment tools in their current form are adequate for psychological evaluations within legal expertise. The use of inappropriate assessment tools most likely lower the professional credibility of expert opinions, which arouses doubt on the value of evidence.
izvedensko mnenje
psihološko ocenjevanje
testi
forenzična psihologija
pravo
expert opinion
psychological assessment
tests
forensic psychology
law
true
false
false
[M. Ajdišek]
Slovenski jezik
Angleški jezik
Magistrsko delo/naloga
2020-10-16 07:45:16
2020-10-16 07:45:25
2022-09-02 03:59:57
0000-00-00 00:00:00
2020
0
Ljubljana
0
Ljubljana
195 str.
0000-00-00
NiDoloceno
NiDoloceno
NiDoloceno
0000-00-00
0000-00-00
0000-00-00
159.9.072:347.964.4(497.4)(043.2)
465861
36833795
6144.pdf
6144.pdf
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https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=136538
6145.pdf
6145.pdf
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https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=136539
Filozofska fakulteta
0
0
0