20.500.12556/RUL-110253
Pomen vključevanja krmnega graha (Pisum sativum L.) v kolobar
The importance of the integration of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) into crop rotation
Krmni grah (Pisum sativum L.) je enoletna zelnata rastlina in beljakovinsko pomembna stročnica iz družine metuljnic (Fabaceae). Poleg beljakovin (20 do 30 %) v suhi snovi vsebuje še ogljikove hidrate (50 do 60 %), okoli 5 % celuloze, 1 do 2 % olja in 3 do 4 % mineralnih snovi. V živinoreji se suho zrnje graha uporablja v obliki celega, zdrobljenega ali zmletega zrnja. Živini se polaga tudi v obliki zelinja, sena ali silaže. Krmni grah kot stročnica izboljša bilanco dušika v tleh, saj s pomočjo bakterij Rhizobium, ki se nahajajo v koreninskih gomoljčkih, veže zračni dušik, ki ga da rastlini gostiteljici. Vključevanje krmnega graha v kolobar je pomembno iz vidika splošne pridelave in fiksacije dušika. V Sloveniji je bilo leta 2018 posejanih 434 ha graha s pridelkom suhega zrnja 2,4 t/ha. Na laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani smo v letu 2018 posejali sedem sort ('Astronaute', 'Enduro', 'Eso', 'James', 'Lessna', 'Partner' in 'Tiberius') krmnega graha na dve medvrstni razdalji (12,5 cm in 37,5 cm) z namenom ugotoviti razlike med pridelki in dejavniki pridelka ter morfološkim razvojem opazovanih sort. V morfološkem razvoju opazovanih sort ni bilo razlik med medvrstnima razdaljama. Največji povprečni pridelek je imela sorta 'Astronaute' (4932 kg/ha), največjo absolutno maso pa sorta 'Tiberius' (285,1 g). Ker se vrednosti medvrstne razdalje za vsak dejavnik razlikujejo, iz tega ne moremo izhajati, da le ena medvrstna razdalja vpliva na dejavnike, ki smo jih spremljali. Ker so bile nekatere parcelice uničene s strani ptic (vrane in golobi) ter zastajanja vode, predlagamo ponovitev poskusa.
The field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a pulse, with a year long life cycle, which is rich in proteins and belongs to the Family of Fabaceae. Besides the proteins (20-30%) it is also rich in carbohydrates (50-60%), around 5% of cellulose, 1-2% of oil and 3-4% of minerals. In livestock production dried peas are used either in their whole, grinded or crushed form. It can also be used green, as hay or silage. The field pea, with the help of the Rhizobium bacteria found in the tubers, improves the content of nitrogen in the soil by binding it from the air to the plant. Thus, the inclusion of the field pea in the crop rotation farming is important, not only due to its productivity but also for its role in nitrogen binding. In 2018, 434 ha of field peas have been planted in Slovenia, with a harvest of 2,4 t/ha. In 2018 seven species of peas have been planted in the laboratory field of the Biotechnical faculty of Ljubljana (“Astronaute”, ”Enduro”, ”Eso”, ”James, “Lessna”, “Partner”, “Tiberius”). It was divided into two different mid-row spacing (12,5cm and 37,5cm) with the intention of finding the differences in the production and factors of the crop, as well as observe the morphological development of each species in different spacing. The morphological development did not differ between different mid-row spacing. The biggest average production was observed with the “Astronaute” species (4932 kg/ha), while the biggest absolute mass was measured with the “Tiberius” species (285,1 g). Because the measured values in mid-row spacing differ for each factor, we cannot conclude that different mid-row spacing influences the factors observed. Some of the sectors of the field were destroyed by birds (crows and pigeons) and water retention, hence we advise a repetition of the experiment.
pridelovanje krme
kolobar
krmni grah
Pisum sativum
sorte
medvrstna razdalja
pridelek zrnja
feed production
crop rotation
field pea
Pisum sativum
varieties
row spacing
grain yield
true
false
false
Slovenski jezik
Angleški jezik
Diplomsko delo/naloga
2019-09-13 07:45:47
2019-09-13 07:45:53
2022-08-22 03:42:38
0000-00-00 00:00:00
2019
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0000-00-00
NiDoloceno
NiDoloceno
NiDoloceno
0000-00-00
0000-00-00
0000-00-00
1970-01-01
168355
4294792
7759.pdf
7759.pdf
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https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=121902
Biotehniška fakulteta
0
0
0