20.500.12556/RUL-105888 Nanofiltracija poliamidamin-epiklorohidrinskih smol z namenom zmanjševanja vsebnosti nevarnih snovi Nanofiltration of polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resins with the aim of reducing the content of dangerous substances Poliamidamin-epiklorohidrinske (PAE) smole se uporabljajo pri izdelavi različnih vrst papirjev in so namenjene izboljševanju mokre jakosti papirja. Pri proizvodnji PAE smol nastanejo različni klorirani stranski produkti, med katere sodita tudi 1,3-diklor-2-propanol (DCP) in 3-monoklor-propan-1,2-diol (MCPD). Zaradi zmanjševanja vpliva na okolje in potencialne nevarnosti kloriranih stranskih produktov na zdravje ljudi, je v praksi vse večja težnja po proizvodnji tovrstnih smol z nizko vsebnostjo nevarnih stranskih produktov. Za nižanje njihovih koncentracij v obstoječih smolnatih produktih se je v tej magistrski nalogi raziskovalo primernost uporabe membranskih tehnologij. Preko opravljenih diafiltracijskih ciklov PAE smol se je testiralo kompozitne spiralno navite membrane iz različnih filtracijskih razredov: ultrafiltracija, nanofiltracija in reverzna osmoza. Pri tem se je spremljalo stopnjo zadrževanja PAE smol in prepustnost kloriranih stranskih produktov ter istočasno merilo spremembe v permeabilnosti membran. Ugotovljeno je, da je nanofiltracija s premerom por od 150-300 Daltonov najbolj primerna za zniževanje vsebnosti stranskih produktov, reverzna osmoza pa je potencialno primerna za koncentriranje stranskih produktov v permeatu, kar zniža količino odpadne vode. Hkrati je bilo ugotovljeno, da je za razredčevanje PAE smol in spiranje membran najbolj uporabna nakisana voda, s primerljivo kislostjo, kot jo imajo osnovne PAE smole. Na tak način je možno doseči dolge diafiltracijske cikle z minimalnim mašenjem membran, kar bo možno v prihodnje prenesti tudi na večji industrijski nivo. Polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE) resins are used in the manufacture of various paper grades and are intended to improve the wet strength of paper. During their production, various hazardous chlorinated by-products are produced, including 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (DCP) and 3-monochlorpropan-1,2-diol (MCPD). In order to reduce their environmental impact and the associated potential risks on human health, there is a growing need in producing PAE resins with lower concentrations of hazardous by-products. This masters' thesis examined the suitability of membrane technology as a solution in lowering their concentrations in existing resinous products. By performing diafiltrations of PAE resins, different filtration classes of composite spiral wound membranes were tested: ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis. Membranes’ performance in retaining PAE resins and allowing chlorinated by-products to flow through into the permeate was monitored in parallel with continuous measurements of membrane permeability changes due to fouling. It has been established that nanofiltration with pore sizes from 150-300 Daltons is the most suitable for reducing the content of by-products, meanwhile reverse osmosis is potentially suitable for concentrating them in the obtained permeate, which enables recovery of water for further diafiltration of PAE resins. Additionally, it was found that acidic water with a comparable acidity to PAE resins is the most appropriate for dilution of PAE resins and membrane rinsing. In this way, long diafiltration cycles with minimal membrane fouling can be achieved, which will be brought to a higher industrial level in the future. nanofiltracija poliamidamin-epiklorohidrinske smole klorirani stranski produkti diafiltracija spiralno navite membrane mašenje membran stopnja zadrževanja nanofiltration polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resins chlorinated by-products diafiltration spiral wound membranes membrane fouling retention factor true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2018-12-22 07:45:23 2018-12-22 07:45:30 2022-08-18 03:46:38 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2018 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1970-01-01 211952 3055.pdf 3055.pdf 1 A0B7BE76CB1060BFD4DC833512C550DD c9abb52a36749975c8d1063241f3df6e8e07bcb6dc6d3b9c8e846630cc680622 3ba27447-a1b6-11eb-a523-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=116583 Fakulteta za strojništvo 0 0 0