20.500.12556/RUL-103498
Vplivi na kakovost mleziva pri kravah molznicah
Factors affecting the quality of colostrum of dairy cows
Mlezivo je prvo mleko po telitvi in je življenjskega pomena za preživetje novorojenega teleta. Po svoji sestavi se precej razlikuje od običajnega mleka. Mlezivo vsebuje protitelesa (imunoglobuline), ki zagotavljajo primarno imunost teleta. Kakovost mleziva izražena na podlagi vsebnosti imunoglobulinov, je odvisna od več dejavnikov, kot so: dolžina suhe dobe, čas prve molže po telitvi, količina mleziva ob prvi molži, starost, pasma, zdravstveno stanje vimena, prepuščanje mleka pred telitvijo, prezgodnja telitev, vročinski stres, higiena molže in krmljenja. Teletom moramo v prvih urah zagotoviti dovolj visoko-kakovostnega mleziva. Koncentracija imunoglobulinov v mlezivu in absorpcijska sposobnost črevesja telet se slabšata iz ure v uro po telitvi, zato je pomembna pravočasna oskrba teleta z mlezivom. Kakovost mleziva na kmetijah lahko ugotavljamo s pomočjo pripomočkov kot sta refraktrometer ali kolostrometer. Za bolj precizne meritve pa uporabljamo laboratorijske analize mleziva. S pomočjo refraktometra ali kolostrometra lahko hitro ugotovimo, ali je mlezivo primerno za napajanje telet, ali ni. Mlezivo odlične kakovosti shranimo v zamrzovalnik in ga uporabimo, kadar nimamo na voljo mleziva primerne kakovosti oziroma v primeru pogina krave ob telitvi.
Colostrum is the first milk after calving and is vital for the survival of a new born calf. Its components quite differ from the usual milk. Colostrum contains anti-bodies (immunoglobulins) which provide the calves with primary immunity. The colostrum quality expressed based on immunoglobulin content depends on many factors: the length of the dry period, the time of first milking after calving, the quantity of colostrum at first milking, age (parity), breed, health of the udder, leakage of milk before calving, premature calving (abortus), heat stress, milking and feeding hygiene. Calves need to get enough high quality colostrum in the first hours of their lives. The concentration of immunoglobulin in the colostrum and absorption ability of calf’s intestines deteriorate hour by hour after calving; therefore it is important to give calves colostrum in time. Quality of colostrum on farms can be determined with equipment such as refractometer and colostrometer. Laboratory analysis of colostrum is used for more precise measuring. Refractometer and colostrometer help us determine whether colostrum is suitable for feeding calves. High quality colostrum can be stored in a freezer and used when there is not enough quality colostrum available or in the case of cow’s death at calving.
govedo
krave molznice
mlezivo
kakovost
vplivi
cattle
dairy cows
colostrum
quality
true
false
false
Slovenski jezik
Angleški jezik
Diplomsko delo/naloga
2018-09-19 07:46:13
2018-09-19 07:46:14
2022-08-16 03:42:28
0000-00-00 00:00:00
2018
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NiDoloceno
NiDoloceno
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157012
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4289.pdf
4289.pdf
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https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=113937
Biotehniška fakulteta
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