20.500.12556/RUL-103018 Rastni substrati v hidroponski pridelavi Growing media in hidroponic systems Hidroponika je breztalno gojenje rastlin, ki omogoča pridelavo zelenjadnic na degradiranih in za tradicionalno vrtnarstvo neprimernih območjih. Prednost hidroponike je ekonomično in okolju prijazno upravljanje z vodo, saj odpadno vodo recikliramo in ponovno uporabimo. Poznamo več sistemov hidroponske pridelave, kot so vodne kulture, plavajoči sistem, NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) sistem, aeroponika in akvaponika. Ključen pomen za uspešno pridelavo v hidroponiki imajo rastni substrati. Rastni substrati so mešanica različnih inertnih materialov, ki za rastlino ustvarjajo življenjski prostor. Vsak rastni substrat ima svoje fizikalne in kemijske lastnosti, ki so ključne za rast in razvoj gojenih vrst. Za dober rastni substrat je pomembno, da ima dobro zadrževalno sposobnost za vodo in je hkrati dovolj zračen, ter omogoča stalen dotok hranil iz medija v rizosfero. Rastne substrate lahko razdelimo na mineralne, organske in sintetične. Strokovna literatura o rastnih substratih navaja določena dejstva, ki so podprta s poskusi. Rastni substrat s kokosovimi vlakni in drobljenim kamnom se v akvaponiki obnese bolje kot fenolna pena. Razlog za slednje je slabše zadrževanje hranilne raztopine fenolne pene. Poskus z različnimi mešanicami vermikulita in borovega lubja je pokazal, da večji delež vermikulita v substratu vpliva na manjšo zadrževalno sposobnost substrata. V raziskavi o zasoljenosti rastnih medijev v zaprtem hidroponskem sistemu so prišli do ugotovitve, da z višjo stopnjo namakanja vplivamo na manjšo hitrost akumulacije soli v rizosferi. Hydroponic is soilless system, which allows a production of plants in degraded and for traditional horticulture inadequate areas. The advantage of hydroponics is economical and environmentally friendly water management, as waste water is recycled and reused. There are several systems of hydroponics, such as deepwater culture, float hydroponics, nutrient film technique, aeroponics and aquaponics. Crucial part of successful production in hydroponic system are growing media or substrates. Substrates are mixture of various inert materials that create a living space for the plant. Each substrate has its own physical and chemical properties, which are crucial for normal growth and development of plants. Substrates take over the role of soil, so it is important they have good water-holding capacity, adequate aeration and enable constant flow of nutrients from media to rhizosphere. Growing media can be divided into mineral, organic and synthetic. Literature on growing substrates lists some of the facts supported by experiments. A growing media with coconut fiber and crushed stone is better choice for aquaponic systems than a phenolic foam, because the first one has better water-holding capacity. An experiment with substrate mixtures with different proportion of vermiculite and pine bark showed that a higher proportion of vermiculite affects on lower water-holding capacity of the substrate. The last study is about salt accumulation in relation with irrigation rate in closed hydroponic system. It concludes that with higher irrigation rate we affect on slower accumulation of salt in the rhizosphere. hidroponika hidroponski sistemi rastni substrati lastnosti substrata vrste substratov hydroponics hydroponic systems growing media properties of growing media types of substrates true false false [U. Rajh] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2018-09-13 07:46:21 2018-09-13 07:46:26 2022-08-16 03:39:30 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2018 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 631.338:631.589.2(043.2) 155825 9031545 4018.pdf 4018.pdf 1 FC740871DF84A92D9E49A7C842DED4EF c5220eba2f9b76daef54d2694d41117db66511a7c2075fb98d9c8589e5dd9eb2 b01abfca-a1b5-11eb-a523-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=113399 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0