20.500.12556/RUL-102805 Vpliv dojenja in prehrane s prilagojenim mlekom na prekomerno telesno maso otrok Impact of breastfeeding and feeding with breast-milk substitutes on development of obesity in children Dojenje se poleg ostalih pozitivnih učinkov na dojenega otroka vse pogosteje povezuje tudi s preprečevanjem pojava prekomerne telesne mase. Namen naloge je s pregledom ustrezne obstoječe literature ugotoviti moč povezave med odsotnostjo materinega mleka v prehrani otrok in pojavom debelosti kasneje v otroštvu, primerjati kemijsko sestavo materinega mleka s sestavo mlečnih formul (prilagojenega mleka) ter v razlikah poiskati morebitne vzroke za omenjeno povezavo, in preučiti fiziološki razvoj tako prebavnega trakta kot hormonskega sistema v postnatalnem obdobju ter poiskati dodatne razlage za omenjen pojav. Ob delu prihajamo do zaključka, da je materino mleko, poleg številnih ostalih pozitivnih učinkov na rast in razvoj otroka, izjemno pomembno tudi pri preprečevanju pojava prekomerne telesne mase otrok, saj med drugim s svojo sestavo, ki zajema mnoge hormone, encime, protibakterijske in imunomodulatorne snovi, probiotike in prebiotike, pomaga uravnavati delovanje številnih procesov in izločanje hormonov, ki igrajo ključno vlogo pri uravnavanju telesne mase oziroma tvorjenju adipoznega tkiva pri odraščajočem otroku. Prilagojeno mleko omenjenih bioaktivnih učinkov na otroka nima, saj ne vsebuje naštetih snovi. Among other positive influences on a growing child, breastfeeding is increasingly being recognised as one of the factors in preventing childhood owereight development. The aim of this thesis was to determine the strength of association between the absence of human milk in children nutrition and the risk of developing higher body weight later in childhood, by overviewing relevant theoretical sources. In addition, the composition of breast milk was analyzed using available information and compared to that of the formulas, in order to determine main differences and try to connect them to the mentioned association. Finally, the overview was done over the development of human gastrointestinal tract and hormone system in postnatal period of life, with aims of finding additional possible reasons and mechanisms involved in the mentioned connection. We came to the conclusion that human breast milk, among may other positive effects on growth and development of a nursing child, plays an important role in overweight and obesity prevention in children. Its composition, which includes many hormones, enzymes, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory substances, prebiotics and probiotics, helps in regulating numbers of processes in human body that are directly responsible for maintaining healthy bodyweight and synthesizing the adipose tissue. Milk formulas don't posses mentioned bioactive substances and therefore lack the described positive effects prehrana prehrana otrok dojenje prilagojeno mleko prekomerna telesna masa otrok debelost nutrition children's nutrition breastfeeding breast-milk substitutes overweight in children obesity true false false [Ž. Fras] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2018-09-08 07:46:40 2018-09-08 07:46:43 2022-08-16 03:38:11 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2018 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 613.25-053.2:613.953.1 155133 4942712 3758.pdf 3758.pdf 1 CBED1352BA1EF9BF530FCB37CAB54CD5 c92994850fb6b4bf516e88296c3994ff70926ecc752a588971a41ea0f1297cb7 a0aa388d-a1b5-11eb-a523-00155dcfd717 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=113173 Biotehniška fakulteta 0 0 0