20.500.12556/RUL-100530 Why do plants wilt? Investigating studentsʼ understanding of water balance in plants with external representations at the macroscopic and submicroscopic levels In order to understand water balance in plants, students must understand the relation between external representations at the macroscopic, microscopic, and submicroscopic levels. This study investigated how Slovenian students (N = 79) at the primary, secondary, and undergraduate tertiary levels understand water balance in plants. The science problem consisted of a text describing the setting, visualizations of the process occurring in a wilted plant stem, and five tasks. To determine students’ visual attention to the various elements of the tasks, we used eye tracking and focused on the total fixation duration in particular areas of interest. As expected, primary school students showed less knowledge and understanding of the process than the secondary school and university students did. Students with correct answers spent less time observing the biological phenomena displayed at the macroscopic and submicroscopic levels than those with incorrect answers, and more often provided responses that combined the macro-, micro-, and submicroscopic levels of thought. Learning about difficult scientific topics, such as the water balance in plants, with representations at the macroscopic and submicroscopic levels can be either helpful or confusing for learners, depending on their expertise in using multiple external representations, which is important to consider in biology and science education. biology eye tracking multiple representations osmosis students vodno ravnovesje oveniti razumevanje očesno sledenje true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Članek v reviji 2018-03-24 03:16:27 2018-04-17 12:35:10 2025-09-04 09:13:30 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2018 0 0 Str. 2265-2276 iss. 6 Vol. 14 2018 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 57:37 1305-8223 10.29333/ejmste/87119 11953993 Why_do_Plants_Wilt_.pdf Why_do_Plants_Wilt_.pdf 1 769C8A152E88179666D17CFD8BAC1EA1 9b8b8b09724dca3a95a03500dfc8693608fa86a334203f5ca05bff0b21127557 c4b6217f-1aaf-11f0-b232-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=206007 https://www.ejmste.com/article/why-do-plants-wilt-investigating-students-understanding-of-water-balance-in-plants-with-external-5428 0 82c075c6-895e-11f0-9328-0050569b8976 https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=215507 Pedagoška fakulteta Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0