Laser ablation in water for LIBS: effects of nanosecond pulse duration upon shock wave and cavitation bubble studied by laser beam transmission probe and total optical emissionSakka, Tetsuo (Avtor) Kimura, Koki (Avtor) Nishi, Naoya (Avtor) Gregorčič, Peter (Avtor) laser ablation in watershock wavecavitation bubblelaser beam transmission probeLBTPlaser-induced breakdown spectroscopyLIBSnanosecond pulsesWe investigated early dynamics of the shock wave, cavitation bubble, and plasma in underwater laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (underwater LIBS), using a laser-beam transmission probe (LBTP) technique as well as total optical emission measurements. We examined the pulse duration effects on LBTP-related parameters and the optical emission intensity. The scattering peak observed in the LBTP signal up to 1 µs after the laser pulse is attributed to scattering from the shock wave combined with the scattering from the nascent bubble. We examined the correlation among the parameters extracted from LBTP and total optical emission intensity. The maximum of the total optical emission intensity (▫$E_{max}$▫) was correlated with the shock wave parameter (▫$S_{max}$▫) for long pulse irradiation, but not for short pulse. The results provide new insight that the expansion of nascent plasma and the enhancement of the shock wave are synergistic, and that this process can be controlled by the pulse duration on the nanosecond scale.20262026-06-11 14:17:48Članek v reviji183355UDK: 544.53:532.528ISSN pri članku: 0947-8396DOI: 10.1007/s00339-026-09785-8COBISS_ID: 281326339sl