Preliminary mapping of forests of high conservation value along the Upper Neretva River, Bosnia and HerzegovinaGloor, Rhiannon (Avtor) biodiversity conservationdendrochronologyFagus sylvaticaforest protectionhabitat treesold-growth forestsQuercusThe extent of temperate old-growth forests in temperate Europe is diminishing as a result of anthropogenic pressures, despite a mandate from the European Union (EU) calling for their strict protection under the Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. However, the exact extent of old-growth forests is currently unknown due to insufficient mapping, particularly in the EU candidate countries in the Balkans. Using a combined approach of dendrochronology and visual observations of old-growth structural indicators, this investigation was the first rapid survey of the forests of the Upper Neretva River in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ten forest patches were sampled over the course of seven days. We note high heterogeneity in forest types, with a distinct gradient from the riparian zone to the upper slopes of the valley. Historical human activities, particularly coppicing and clearance for grazing pastures, were perceivable in many locations. However, through utilising visual observations and dendrochronological dating, we can estimate the abandonment of these activities over a century ago, which has resulted in a landscape rich in different habitat types, specifically large old trees essential for biodiversity. We identified the old-growth lichen indicator species Lobaria pulmonaria throughout the study area. Moreover, small patches of both Fagus sylvatica and Quercus spp. potential old-growth forests were present. We therefore recommend a moratorium on logging in the region to preserve these ecosystems as stipulated in Green Agenda for the Western Balkans – a key component of EU integration.20252026-03-15 10:21:58Članek v reviji180721ISSN pri članku: 1854-3081DOI: 10.14720/ns.19555sl