Prehranska tveganja pri ambulantno zdravljenih pacientih s kompleksno rano

Božnar, Mateja (avtor), Pađen, Ljubiša (mentor), Birk Tot, Karin (komentor)

Uvod: Kompleksna rana je rana, ki se ne zaceli v štirih do osmih tednih. Poleg drugih dejavnikov pomembno na proces celjenja vpliva tudi splošna prehranjenost telesa. Študije ugotavljajo, da je ta slaba in so pacienti pogosto podhranjeni. Pri obravnavi pacientov s kompleksnimi ranami moramo ocenjevati in spremljati prehransko ogroženost ter poznati prehranske intervencije. Namen: S pomočjo tabele za ocenjevanje prehranske ogroženosti MNA – Mini Nutritional Assessment, želimo ugotoviti, kakšna so prehranska tveganja ambulantno zdravljenih pacientov s kompleksno rano. Metode: Izvedli smo retrospektivno študijo, v katero je bilo vključenih 100 ambulantno obravnavanih pacientov s kompleksno rano. Podatki so bili zbrani s pomočjo prehranske anamneze, ocenitvene tabele prehranske ogroženosti Mini Nutritional Assessment in s pomočjo antropometričnih meritev. Rezultati: Povprečna starost vključenih v raziskavo je 68,74 let, kar 75 odstotkov je starejših od 60 let. Študija je pokazala, da jih ima 20 odstotkov indeks telesne mase pod 23, preostalih 80 odstotkov pa nad 23. Rezultati kažejo, da je 30 pacientov v zadnjih mesecih izgubilo več kot 3 kg telesne mase, 24 pa jih je izgubilo 1 do 3 kg. Ugotovili smo, da je podhranjenih 10 odstotkov pacientov, pri 39 odstotkih pacientov smo opazili tveganje za nastanek podhranjenosti, preostalih 51 odstotkov pa ni prehransko ogroženih. Razprava in sklep: Kljub številnim študijam, ki poudarjajo pomen prehranjenosti in opozarjajo na podhranjenost bolnikov z ranami, je še vedno veliko pacientov podhranjenih. Kot učinkovita ukrepa vidimo uvedbo rutinskega prehranskega presejanja in vključevanje prehranskih strokovnjakov v tim, ki obravnava paciente s kompleksnimi ranami. K višji stopnji samooskrbe in boljši kakovosti življenja teh pacientov pa bi veliko pripomogla tudi učinkovita zdravstvena vzgoja, ki bi bila povezana s primarnim nivojem zdravstvenega varstva.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: kompleksna rana, kronična rana, prehranska ogroženost, malnutricija, vprašalnik Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-99260
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5380971
• Datum objave v RUL: 10.01.2018

BOŽNAR, Mateja, 2017, Prehranska tveganja pri ambulantno zdravljenih pacientih s kompleksno rano [na spletu]. Diplomsko delo. [Dostopano 2 maj 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=99260

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Nutritional risk in ambulant treated patients with complex wound

Izvleček

Introduction: Complex wound is a wound that does not heal in four to eight weeks. In addition to other healing factors, nutrition of a patient significantly influences the wound healing process. According to many studies, patients’ nutritional status is often worse than normally and patients are often malnourished. Nutritional risk assessment and screening as well as nutritional recovery steps are essential when treating patients with complex wounds. Purpose: By using a nutritional risk assessment tool MNA – Mini Nutritional Assessment, we aim to explore the nutritional risks of patients with complex wound. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study involving 100 patients with a complex wound treatment and acquired the data using a nutritional history, a nutritional risk assessment tool – Mini Nutritional Assessment – and anthropometric measurements. Results: The average age of subjects in the study is 68.74 years, 75% are older than 60 years. The study shows that the body mass index (BMI) of 20% of subjects is lower than 23 while BMI of 80% is higher than 23. The results also show that 30 patients out of 100 have lost more than 3 kg body weight in recent months, and 24 have lost 1 kg to 3 kg. According to the study, 10% of the patients are malnourished, 39% of them are subject to possible risk of malnutrition while the remaining 51% do not show dietary threats. Discussion and conclusion: Apart from a number of studies that emphasize the importance of nutrition and draw attention to the malnutrition of patients with wounds, many patients are still undernourished. Effective steps to avoid the problem would be the introduction of routine dietary testing and integrating nutritionists into a professional team for complex wound care. An important contribution to an increased level of self-care and a better life quality of these patients would also be an effective health education, closely connected with primary level of health care.

• Ključne besede: complex wound, chronic wound, nutrition risk, malnutrition, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) table