The usability of ultrasonic determination of the elastomechanical properties of spruce, beech and larch wood has been verified. From randomly obtained large timber elements, we made oriented samples 40 x 40 x 40 mm. Specimens were equilibrated at 20 ° C and 50 % relative air humidity. The time of flight of compression and shear ultrasonic waves was measured by PunditLab device in the individual anatomical directions and the planes. The speed of compression ultrasonic waves was highest in all woods along the fibers (L), and on average 3.5-times smaller in radial (R) direction and 1.5-time smaller in the tangential (T) direction of the wood. The speed of the shear ultrasonic waves was less than the speed of compression waves in all woods and anatomical planes. The influence of wood density on ultrasound speed was not confirmed. The modulus of elasticity was the highest in beech, and slightly smaller in larch and spruce. The shear moduli were on average 10-times smaller along the grain, and up to 5-times smaller in R- and T-direction of wood in comparison with the modulus of elasticity. For all tested wood species we have confirmed that they are anisotropic and deviate from orthotropicity.
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