Masaža presredka v nosečnosti kot del priprave na porod : meta-sinteza znanstvenih študij

Simonič, Tadeja (avtor), Mivšek, Ana Polona (mentor)

Uvod: Porod in nosečnost sta ena izmed dejavnikov, ki močno zaznamujeta žensko tudi po tem obdobju. V tem diplomskem delu smo se osredotočili predvsem na nosečnost in tehnike priprav presredka na porod. V empiričnem delu bodo predstavljeni rezultati meta-sinteze študij o vplivih masaže presredka v nosečnosti na pojavnost poškodb presredka med porodom ter sprejemljivosti masaže za ženske. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je zbrati in preučiti vsa najnovejša dejstva v povezavi z masažo presredka v nosečnosti in izidom poroda za mater. Ugotoviti želimo, ali je masaža presredka učinkovita tehnika priprave presredka na porod. Z meta-sintezo znanstvenih študij bomo preverili raziskovane trditve glede pozitivnih učinkov masaže presredka med nosečnostjo. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je uporabljena deskriptivna ali opisna metoda dela s kvalitativno meta-sintezo znanstvene literature, kjer smo se osredotočili na slovenski, angleški in nemški jezik. Iskanje literature je potekalo s pomočjo podatkovnih baz COBBIS in DiKUL ter po podatkovnih bazah CINAHL, Cochrane, MEDLINE, ProQuest, Science-Direct, Springer Link. Ključne besede, po katerih je potekalo iskanje, so bile: perineal massage AND pregnancy. Kriteriji za izbor so bili dostopnost besedila v celoti in jezik. Časovna omejitev iskanja so viri, po sistematičnem pregledu literature (2013) na to temo, z namenom, da je avtorica zbrala najnovejše raziskave. Rezultati: Meta-sinteza 4 študij je pokazala, da masaža presredka vpliva na pojavnost poškodb presredka bodisi spontanih bodisi jatrogenih. V skupini, kjer so ženske masirale presredek, je opaziti manjšo pojavnost poškodb presredka. Masaža presredka je po pregledu raziskav primerna za žensko. Razprava in sklep: Poškodbe presredka, ki jih lahko pusti porod, so močno povezane tudi z dolgoročno kakovostjo življenja ženske po porodu. Študije, ki obravnavajo masažo presredka v nosečnosti, so maloštevilne in izvedene na majhnem vzorcu udeleženk, kar pomeni, da tudi trdnost dokazov ni na najvišji ravni. Kljub temu smo v nalogi lahko potrdili zastavljeni trditvi, da masaža presredka zniža možnost poškodb presredka med porodom in da je masaža presredka v nosečnosti sprejemljiva za nosečnico in njenega partnerja. Študije prav tako ne navajajo stranskih učinkov, torej nosečnici masažo presredka v nosečnosti lahko priporočamo.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: presredek, masaža, epiziotomija, raztrganine, nosečnost, porod
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-94482
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5301099
• Datum objave v RUL: 31.08.2017

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Perineal massage in pregnancy as a part of preparation for childbirth : meta-synthesis of scientific studies

Izvleček

Introduction: Pregnancy and childbirth are one of the factors that greatly affect a woman even after this period. In this diploma thesis, we were focused mainly on pregnancy and techniques of preparation of perineum for the childbirth. In the empirical part are presented the results of the meta-synthesis studies of perineal massage effects in pregnancy on the incidence of injuries of perineum during childbirth and the acceptability of massage for women. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma thesis is to collect and examine all the latest facts in connection with the perineal massage in pregnancy and the outcome of childbirth for the mother. We would like to establish whether the perineal massage is an effective technique for preparing a perineum for delivery. With the meta-synthesis of scientific studies, we will investigate the researched claims regarding the benefits of perineal massage during pregnancy. Methods of work: In diploma thesis a descriptive method of working with a qualitative meta-synthesis of scientific literature was used, where we focused on Slovene, English and German language. The literature search was carried out by using following databases: COBBIS, DiKUL, CINAHL, Cochrane, MEDLINE, ProQuest, Science-Direct and Springer Link. The keywords for which the search was conducted were: perineal massage AND pregnancy. The selection criteria were the entire availability of the text and the language. Search timeout were sources after completing the Cochrane Review from 2013 onwards. Results: Meta-synthesis of 4 studies has shown that the perineal massage affects the occurrence of injuries to either the spontaneous or the iatrogenic injuries. In the group where women were massaging the perineum a minor incidence of injuries was noticed. After research analysis it was discovered that the perineal massage is appropriate for both the woman and her partner. Discussion and conclusion: Injuries to the perineum occurred during the childbirth are strongly correlated to the quality of life of a woman after childbirth. Studies dealing with perineal massage in pregnancy are very few in number and low quality, which means that the strength of evidences is not at the highest, level as well. Nevertheless, in the thesis we can confirm the stated claims that the perineal massage reduces the possibility of damage to the perineum and that the perineal massage in pregnancy is acceptable for both the pregnant woman. Studies also do not indicate side effects therefore perineal massage can be recommended to the pregnant women.

• Ključne besede: perineum, massage, episiotomy, lacerations, pregnancy, childbirth