Introduction: Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage is a very common therapeutic procedure for patients with obstruction of the proximal parts of the bile duct. The process in which the drainage is inserted is called percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. It is used with malignant diseases of the gallbladder, pancreas, bile ducts or surrounding organs. This drainage is often inserted in palliative patients. The aim of the drainage is to ensure the smooth outflow of bile fluids. Drainage can be internal or external. In the case of the inner drainage the drain is set up in the duodenum. With external drainage the patient gets a drainage bag in which the bile fluid flows. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to present a theoretical level of the role of a nurse in care of a patient with transhepatic percutaneous biliary drainage. Methods: We used a descriptive method with a review of the Slovenian and foreign technical literature. We limited the age of literature from 2002 to 2017. The literature was obtained from the databases CINAHL, Medline, PubMed and The Cochrane Library. The final list of articles was designed from the review of the titles and abstracts. Discussion and conclusion: The role of the nurse in care a patient with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage is very important, as it monitors and performs nursing activities from insertion to removal of the drainage. The nurse's most important tasks are to mentally and physically prepare the patient for percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, participation in insertion of the drainage and caring for the patient until the removal of the drain. It is important that the nurse has an extensive expert knowledge, so that she can provide the patient with professional care and support and prevent or quickly detect complications which are preying on the patient with transhepatic percutaneous biliary drainage.
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