Priprava eksperimenta za ponazoritev evapotranspiracije pri predmetu Naravoslovje v 6. razredu osnovne šole

Žmavčič, Tea (avtor), Torkar, Gregor (mentor), Praprotnik, Luka (komentor)

Uporaba praktičnega dela je pri poučevanju naravoslovja ključna, še posebej pri pojasnjevanju naravoslovnih procesov in pojmov. Eden izmed zahtevnejših procesov, ki se ga obravnava pri Naravoslovju, predstavlja evapotranspiracija, ki je sestavljena iz dveh procesov: evaporacije ter transpiracije in je pomemben del vodnega cikla. Razumevanje evapotranspiracije je za učence težavno, saj gre za zahteven in kompleksen proces, ki ga ne vidijo in pogosto tudi ne razumejo. Problem se pojavi že pri samem razumevanju procesov evaporacije ter transpiracije, saj ju je časovno težko ločiti. Za poučevanje kompleksnih procesov in pojmov se učiteljem priporoča uporaba aktivnih metod dela. V diplomski nalogi smo želeli predstaviti eksperiment, ki bi služil za boljše razumevanje procesa evapotranspiracije. Prav tako pa smo pripravili didaktično gradivo za učitelje in učence za eksperimentalno delo na temo transpiracije in evapotranspiracije. S pomočjo uporabe računalnika ter različnih pripomočkov smo zastavili eksperiment, ki smo ga razdelili na dva dela. V prvem delu eksperimenta smo merili vpliv pri različnih sestojih oziroma matricah na stopnjo evapotranspiracije, medtem ko smo v drugem delu merili vpliv vetra na stopnjo evapotranspiracije. Rezultati, ki smo jih pridobili s pomočjo tehtanja ter merilnega sistema Vernier LabQuest 2, so pokazali, da poraščenost tal in različni sestoji vplivajo na stopnjo evapotranspiracije. Prav tako smo ugotovili, da je veter eden izmed pomembnih dejavnikov, ki pospešijo proces evapotranspiracije. Ugotovili smo, da bi bil eksperiment, ki je bil uporabljen v empiričnem delu diplomske naloge, primeren za ponazoritev procesa evapotranspiracije pri predmetu Naravoslovje v 6. razredu osnovne šole.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: kroženje vode
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2016
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-87072
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11321929
• Datum objave v RUL: 04.09.2017

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Preparation of an experiment to illustrate the process of evapotranspiration in the 6th grade of Elementary school for subject Science

Izvleček

Practical work represents an essential part in Science courses in Elementary schools. It is used especially when explaining natural processes and concepts. One of the most challenging concepts to grasp for students in Science courses, is the process of evapotranspiration. Evapotranspiration consist of two processes: evaporation and transpiration and it represents an important part in Earth's hydrological cycle. Understanding evapotranspiration is difficult for students because it cannot be seen, which leads to incomprehension and false beliefs. Students also have a problem with understanding the process of evaporation and transpiration, because they occur simultaneously and it's hard to seperate them. For explaining and illustrating complexed processes as evapotranspiration, it is recommended for teachers to use active methods of work. In our thesis, we wanted to present an experiment, that would serve for better understanding of the process of evapotranspiration. We also prepared a didactic material for teachers and students on the subject of transpiration and evapotranspiration. The experiment was divided into two parts. In the first part of our experiment, we measured the impact of different types of landscape patterns, a.k.a. matrices, on the rate of evapotranspiration. In the second part of our experiment, we measured the impact of wind on the rate of evapotranspiration. The results, which we obtained by weighing and measuring with Vernier measuring system LabQuest 2, have shown us that various landscape patterns affect the rate of evapotranspiration. We also proved that the wind is one of the more important factors that accelerates the process of evapotranspiration. We think that our experiment, which was done in empirical part of the diploma thesis, is suitable to illustrate the proces of evapotranspiration in the course Science in the 6th grade of Elementary school.

• Ključne besede: water cycle