In the diploma work we are discussing self-knowledge and the self-knowledge process. Plato (with Socrates), Nietzsche in Mounier are those philosophers, whose works broadened us the philosophical width and depth of our diploma topic. We have researched the influence and the implications of self-knowledge on society and its political life. In Plato's work we focused on his dialogue Alcibiades I, in which he clearly presents the process of self-knowledge and its practical value. Inversion in the interpretation occurs, when we analyze Plato's self-knowledge in the frame of getting to know oneself as an individual being as opposed to the usual interpretation. Most of the interpreters consider Plato's self-knowledge as general knowledge of oneself, therefore a human kind. With this inversion we can already with Plato notice the key elements for all the following theories of self-knowledge or, as the case may be, establishing a personal identity. In political implication we analyze Plato's reflection of individual's psychological state on different social classes or even on the system of government. In Nietzsche's work we research radical criticism of all positive statements and definitions about self-knowledge. However, Nietzsche's position turns out to be insufficient: a problem of subjective philosophy occurs, which leads to relativism. In addition with his definitions we cannot establish a constructive dialogue or a meaningful system. We focused on Mounier as one of the main representatives of personalism. It turns out he influenced on Europe's political future with his definition of an individual and his social activities. Along constant surpassing oneself and one's current abilities it is essential for an individual to actively perform, towards others and for others.
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