Umetnostne dejavnosti v otroških oddelkih slovenskih bolnišnic : specialistično delo

Kosmač Zalašček, Tanja (avtor), Kobolt, Alenka (mentor)

V specialističnem delu ugotavljam, katere umetnostne dejavnosti (glasba, likovna umetnost, ples, gledališče), na kakšen način in v kolikšni meri se izvajajo pri delu s hospitaliziranimi otroki v bolnišničnih oddelkih v smislu terapevtskega procesa za lajšanje otrokovih težav v času hospitalizacije. Umetnost je ena izmed temeljnih potreb človeka, skozi katero izražamo svoja čustva. Tema je pomembna za vsakega otroka, ki je bolan, hospitaliziran in ločen od družine in staršev. V teoretičnem delu podrobneje predstavim problem hospitalizacije otrok in zavzemanje za razvoj humanizacije bolnišničnih pogojev od začetka ustanavljanja pediatričnih bolnišnic v Sloveniji do danes. Opišem značilne psihološke pojave ob bolezni in hospitalizaciji otroka, bolnišnične oddelke za otroke in njihove značilnosti. Predstavim področja pomoči z umetnostjo (likovno, glasbeno, gledališko, plesno) in obstoječe modele izvajanja umetnostnih dejavnosti v terapevtske namene. V empiričnem delu predstavim svoje izkušnje in spoznanja pri izvajanju umetnostnih dejavnosti na različnih oddelkih Pediatrične klinike v Ljubljani v času študijske prakse, opišem uporabljene pristope dela ter odzive otrok in mladostnikov. S kvalitativno raziskavo ugotavljam, v kolikšni meri in na kakšen način se v slovenskih otroških bolnišničnih oddelkih vključujejo umetnostne dejavnosti v terapevtske namene, kakšna stališča imajo izvajalci in izvajalke do teh dejavnosti in kako ocenjujejo vplive in prispevek teh dejavnosti v procesu zdravljenja otrok. S pomočjo usmerjenih skupinskih pogovorov v treh fokusnih skupinah s petimi udeleženci in s šestimi poglobljenimi individualnimi intervjuji sem pridobila mnenja, občutja in izkušnje sogovornic in sogovornikov ter podatke analizirala s pomočjo kvalitativne analize. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da imajo izvajalci in izvajalke umetnostnih dejavnosti s hospitaliziranimi otroki pozitiven odnos do umetnosti. Področje umetnosti je pri njihovem delu prioritetno. Umetnostne dejavnosti uporabljajo vsakodnevno in jih prilagajajo različnim okoliščinam in boleznim otrok. Delo je prikaz prakse izvajanja umetnostnih dejavnosti v slovenskih otroških bolnišničnih oddelkih in analiza stanja na podlagi katere lahko ugotavljamo potrebo po sodelovanju umetnostnih terapevtov v zdravstvenih delovnih skupin pediatričnih bolnišnic v Sloveniji.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: pomoč z umetnostjo, bolnišnice, terapevtski proces, hospitalizacija otrok, otrokove pravice, umetnostne dejavnosti v bolnišnici
• Vrsta gradiva: Specialistično delo
• Tipologija: 2.10 - Specialistično delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Založnik: [T. Kosmač Zalašček]
• Leto izida: 2016
• Št. strani: 128 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-85795
• UDK: 615.851:7(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11182665
• Datum objave v RUL: 20.09.2017

KOSMAČ ZALAŠČEK, Tanja, 2016, Umetnostne dejavnosti v otroških oddelkih slovenskih bolnišnic : specialistično delo [na spletu]. Specialistično delo. T. Kosmač Zalašček. [Dostopano 20 april 2025]. Pridobljeno s: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=slv&id=85795

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Artistic activities in pediatric wards of slovenian hospitals

Izvleček

In this work I try to establish which artistic activities (music, art, dance, drama) are being carried out with hospitalized children in hospital wards, and furthermore, in what way and to what extend they are being carried out in the sense of the therapeutic process that can diminish the children's troubles during the time of their hospitalization. Art is one of the basic human needs through which we express our feelings. It is an important topic for every child who is ill, hospitalized and separated from their family and parents. In the theoretical part I detail the problem of children's hospitalization and the endeavour for the development of the humanization of the conditions in hospitals from the time when first pediatric hospitals were founded in Slovenia up to the present. I describe typical psychological features in the case of child's illnes and hospitalization as well as children's wards and their characteristics. I also present the spheres of helping by using art (artistic, musical, dramatic, dancing) and also the currently existing models of using the artistic activities for therapeutic purposes. In the empirical part I present the experiences and knowledge I gained while I was carrying out artistic activities at different departments of the Clinic of Pediatrics in Ljubljana during my work practice. I also present working approaches that were used and the children and adolescents' responses to them. Qualitative research establishes the extend and the ways in which therapeutic artistic activities are included in children's wards in Slovenian hospitals, standpoinds of people who perform such activities and their assessment of the influence and contribution of those activities in the process of children's medical treatment. As a result of having several theme-oriented group discussions in three focus groups of five people and six profound individual interviews I obtained different opinions and learnt about perceptions and experiences of the participants. I analysed the data by using qualitative analysis. The results of the research have shown that people who carry out artistic activities with hospitalized children have a positive attitude towards art. The field of art is of priority at their work. They practice artistic activities daily and they adapt them to different circumstances and diseases. This work is a survey of the practice of artistic activities that are being carried out in children's wards in Slovenia and the analysis of the actual state on the basis of which we can establish the necessity for art therapists to cooperate with medical teams in pediatric hospitals in Slovenia.

• Ključne besede: hospitalized, child, art activity, hospitalizirani, otrok, umetniška dejavnost